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4332894 |
Conversion of guar gum to gel-forming polysaccharides by the action of α-galactosidase
Water-soluble polysaccharide guar gum, guaran, is altered to convert its properties from those of producing a highly viscous stable dispersion to enable production of a sequence of products that...
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4330625 |
Liquefying aqueous starch slurry followed by saccharification with ion exchange resin
Starch derived from a dry milled cereal grain such as corn or milo is hydrolyzed to provide a sterile aqueous fermentable sugar solution which is especially adapted for fermentative conversion to...
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4316956 |
Fermentation process
This invention relates to a novel fermentation process and in particular, to fermentative production of ethanol producing in the presence of non-gelled, or granular, starch particles, alpha-amylase...
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4314854 |
Method for the treatment of cellulosic substances with hydrogen peroxide
A method to enhance the reactivity of cellulose-containing materials to cellulase enzymes by treating an aqueous suspension of the material with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a Mn +2 ion...
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4302475 |
Method of producing milo starch
A method of producing milo starch which comprises the steps of immersing refined milo in a weakly acidic solution of sodium chlorite to remove the tannin, grinding the same to provide a starch...
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4302542 |
Fermentation with thermophilic mixed cultures
Single cell protein (SCP) and other fermentation products are produced by aerobic fermentation processes at relatively high fermentation temperature conditions employing oxygenated hydrocarbon...
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4302543 |
Process and apparatus for producing starch-containing feedstock hydrolysates for alcoholic fermentation
A process for producing hydrolyzates of a starch-containing feedstock for an alcoholic fermentation which comprises extrusion of a preliminary disintegrated feedstock at a temperature of...
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4287304 |
Fermentable sugar from the hydrolysis of starch derived from dry milled corn
Starch derived from dry milled corn is hydrolyzed to provide a sterile aqueous fermentable sugar solution which is especially adapted for fermentative conversion to ethanol with minimum thermal...
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4286058 |
Enzymatic conversion of high moisture shear extruded and gelatinized grain material
Methods and apparatus for high-moisture extrusion of starch-bearing grains is disclosed which yield cooked, gelatinized products suitable for short-time enzymatic conversion to sugars, and...
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4284722 |
Heat and acid-stable alpha-amylase enzymes and processes for producing the same
Heat and acid-stable alpha-amylase enzymes having the following characteristics: (1) capable of retaining at least about 70% of their initial activity when held at 90° C. and at a pH of 6.0 for 10...
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4281063 |
Process for treating cellulosic materials and obtaining glucose therefrom
A process for treating cellulosic materials to obtain glucose therefrom, which process includes an initial acid or base treatment of the cellulosic materials to remove hemicellulose, followed by a...
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4277563 |
Preparation of fructose
Fructose in a purified form is recovered from plant parts containing fructose polymer, such as inulin, by treatment of the mixed plant parts with an aqueous solution of fructose polymer hydrolyzing...
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4266981 |
Process for recovering and utilizing cellulose using sulfuric acid
A process for recovering cellulose using sulfuric acid and utilizing the recovered cellulose by hydrolysis to yield glucose. Cellulosic raw materials are hydrolyzed by dilute sulfuric acid to...
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4265675 |
Nontoxic cellulose solvent and process for forming and utilizing the same
A nontoxic cellulose solvent and process for forming and utilizing the same. The solvent includes a metal chelating agent, a metal compound, an oxygen scavenging stabilizing agent and a caustic...
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4266026 |
Catalytic process utilizing hollow fiber membranes
Catalysts of various types, preferably enzymes, are immobilized on hollow fiber membranes in novel way to provide a new system for performing catalytic reactions. In preferred embodiments, novel...
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4263052 |
Production of fructose and useful by-products
A process for obtaining fructose solutions or solid fructose, a raw material containing sucrose and/or similar fructofuranosides is hydrolyzed to fructose and glucose and treated with a calcium...
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4254150 |
Process for producing a foodstuff of cereal
In a process for producing a foodstuff, more particularly a fodder from cereal, it is disclosed to saccharify the starch contained in the cereal to form dextrose by enzymatic degradation of the...
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4251630 |
Preparation of malt high in alpha-1,6-hydrolase
Malt having a high content of alpha-1,6-hydrolase activity is prepared by germinating previously steeped barely until the average acrospire reaches a length of at least 11/4 times the average...
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4247638 |
Recovery of starch from amylaceous roots as an aqueous slurry
Starch is recovered from an amylaceous root such as manioc root in the form of an aqueous slurry containing substantially all of the soluble components, e.g., sugars and proteins, of the root prior...
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4241185 |
Method of stabilizing α-galactosidase
The activity of mycelial bound α-galactosidase is stabilized by treating α-galactosidase containing mycelia with about 5 to about 25 percent by weight glutaraldehyde based upon the dry weight of...
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4241183 |
Starch liquefaction process
A malt source of enzymes is used to liquefy starch at high temperatures.
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4237226 |
Process for pretreating cellulosic substrates and for producing sugar therefrom
Processes for treating cellulosic substances prior to hydrolysis which lead to shortening hydrolysis time and to increasing sugar yield. As exemplary, an aqueous slurry of the cellulosic substance...
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4235965 |
Starch hydrolysis at high dry substance
Aqueous slurries of liquefied and at least partially solubilized starch of high solids concentration (substantially greater than 40%, by weight) are prepared directly by adding gradually, to an...
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4234686 |
Starch-degrading enzymes derived from cladosporium resinae
A culture filtrate of Cladosporium resinae (Strain ATCC No. 20495) has been found to contain a mixture of starch-degrading enzymes capable of bringing about efficient conversion of starch and...
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4234687 |
β-Galactosidase
A process for producing the enzyme β-galactosidase (lactase) involving a novel microorganism (NCIB No 11259) of unknown genus and for using the enzyme to hydrolyse lactose to glucose and galactose.
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4230802 |
Unrefined glucose syrup as substrate by glucose isomerizing enzyme in producing fructose from glucose
This application concerns a method of preparing high fructose syrups from unrefined high glucose syrups (produced by an acid-enzyme or enzyme-enzyme conversion) by treating the substrate with...
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4220721 |
Method for enzyme reutilization
Cellulase, an enzyme useful in the saccharification of cellulose can be recycled by a process of selective adsorption on cellulose containing materials and readmitted to the reaction mixture in a...
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4219571 |
Process for producing a sweetener
A sweetener containing alpha-glycosyl stevioside which is obtained by allowing alpha-glucosyltransferase to react on an aqueous solution containing stevioside and alpha-glucosyl sugar compound.
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4217415 |
Immobilization of an enzyme substrate
A carbohydrate substrate such as starch for a carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme is immobilized on a solid inorganic porous support to form a stable substrate-support composite useful in affinity...
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4217414 |
Process for separating and recovering vital wheat gluten from wheat flour and the like
A mixture of vital wheat gluten and starch containing at least 25% protein, e.g. a protein-rich fraction of wheat flour, is treated with a bacterial alpha-amylase (preferably substantially free of...
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4205128 |
Process for producing immobilized enzyme compositions
Immobilized enzyme compositions for industrial use are produced by reacting an enzyme and/or enzyme-containing microorganism cells with an anion-exchange high molecular substance having a...
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4199372 |
Process for preparing maltose-containing starch hydrolyzate and crystallization of maltose therefrom
Crystalline maltose in good yields is obtained by subjecting a starch hydrolyzate having a maltose content of at least 75% and a viscosity of greater than 400 cps. to the action of glucoamylase,...
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4179335 |
Thermostable lactase derived from Bacillus coagulans
A thermostable lactase is obtained by cultivation of a member of the genus Bacillus in a suitable nutrient medium. The resulting lactose-containing cells or the cell-free enzyme are useful for the...
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4116770 |
Waxy barley starch with unique self-liquefying properties
Barley starch granules are prepared which have been found to have native amylase bound sufficiently tenaciously onto the starch granule, such that it is not extracted during ordinary separation of...
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4113509 |
Enzymatically produced maltose-maltotriose starch hydrolysate
A process for converting granular starch to a soluble hydrolysate wherein the unconverted starch retains its granular nature. The conversion is accomplished by means of a bacterial alpha-amylase.
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4102745 |
Process for producing dextrose using mixed immobilized enzymes
Process for converting starch to dextrose wherein a partially hydrolyzed starch solution containing at least 10 percent hydrolyzed starch is contacted with an enzyme system under conditions whereby...
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4092219 |
Preparation of enzyme-membrane complexes
The amount of enzyme complexed to a protein membrane is increased by treating the protein before or after forming the membrane with a proteolytic enzyme. Preferred proteolytic enzymes are pepsin,...
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4091116 |
Adjusting the proportion of a substance by enzyme treatment
The proportion of a compound such as lactose in a solution or suspension such as milk using a soluble enzyme such as beta-galactosidase is carried out by removing matter larger than the enzyme in...
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4090919 |
Water-insoluble tannin preparation for immobilization of proteins
A water-insoluble tannin preparation is obtained by covalent binding or physical adsorption of tannin onto a water-insoluble, hydrophilic carrier. The preparation has a specific affinity for...
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4089745 |
Process for enzymatically converting cellulose derived from corn hulls to glucose
Corn hulls are subjected to a liquid extraction treatment whereby the major portion of the cellulose is liberated from the other constituents of the corn hulls and the resulting cellulose fraction...
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4069103 |
Process for recovering dextrose and dextrins from protein-containing starch products
Dextrose and dextrins are obtained from protein-containing starch products by subjecting the starch product to an incomplete or complete acid or enzymatic hydrolysis or a combination of both types...
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4062728 |
Starch thinning process
A starch thinning process employing α-amylase is carried out in two stages. In the first stage, a high temperature and high pressure operation, the aqueous starch suspension to be thinned is...
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4061541 |
Preparation of alkaline alpha-amylase
An alpha-amylase enzyme having optimum pH activity under alkaline conditions is produced from Bacillus species NRRL-3881. The enzyme is stable in the presence of chelating agents and is useful in...
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4052226 |
Directed enzymolysis of starch
Starch hydrolyzates having a desired degree of polymerization are prepared by hydrolyzing derivatized starch esters with amylase and thereafter saponifying the starch ester hydrolyzates to obtain a...
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4048018 |
Method of carrying out enzyme catalyzed reactions
A liquid stream containing the reactants is passed through a bed of enzyme catalyst, made up of enzymes bonded to small, dense particles of carrier or support materials, in a manner which causes...
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4043869 |
Water insoluble biologically active material
The invention relates to biologically active protein molecules, such as enzymes, attached to water-insoluble solids to render the molecules insoluble. In one aspect the attachment is effected by...
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4039383 |
Process for producing maltopentaose
A multi-step process for producing maltopentaose involving the dissolution and dissociation of amylose in an organic solvent, the hydrolyzation of amylose into lower molecular weight components,...
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4035235 |
Method of making lipophilic starch derivatives
This disclosure involves a method of making lipophilic modified starch derivatives that are suitable for encapsulating fats and oils and producing stable emulsions. The starch has a reduced...
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4033820 |
Starch sponge column apparatus and process for immobilized enzyme reactions
A column apparatus and process is provided for immobilized enzyme reactions using a bed of starch in sponge form, the starch having been chemically modified to incorporate enzyme-immobilzing...
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4033817 |
Pressure-driven enzyme-coupled membranes
Pressure-driven enzyme-coupled membranes are prepared starting with a membrane filter having pores of appropriate, molecular dimensions and composed of a polymeric matrix, the activation of that...
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