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3941998 |
Optoelectronic sampling head
An electronic sampling head comprising a housing having a path for impinging radiation, a photoemissive element positioned across said path, photoelectron ejection means positioned in proximity to...
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3941997 |
Method and a device for localizing a light impact on the photocathode of a photomultiplier
A light impact on the photocathode of a photomultiplier is localized by defocusing the beam of emitted photoelectrons, sweeping the surface of the photocathode by means of a localized electric...
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3914599 |
Photomultiplier with reduced dark current
A high sensitivity Dynamic Crossed Field Photomultiplier (DCFP) includes a photocathode for emitting electrons in response to a light input, an adjacent dynode for providing electron amplification...
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3905706 |
Light responsive bathyirradiometer
A bathyirradiometer that is employed to measure the light levels in situ. e bathyirradiometer includes a photomultiplier that detects light that is received at its light input. A high voltage power...
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3900731 |
Method and apparatus for stabilizing the gain of a photomultiplier
A photomultiplier gain stabilization system maintains the mean output current of a photomultiplier at a constant level by compensating its variations through a modification of the illumination of...
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3898452 |
Electron multiplier gain stabilization
The gain of an electron multiplier is proportional to the ratio of the mean square output noise current with respect to the direct current at the anode. This ratio is compared with a reference...
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3863094 |
IMAGE INTENSIFIER AND METHOD OF MAKING AN ELECTRON MULTIPLIER THEREFOR
The invention includes a channel-type electron multiplier incorporating a glass plate having holes therethrough. The plate is treated so that the holes will support secondary emission. When primary...
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3856473 |
APPARATUS FOR MEASURING NO CONCENTRATIONS
In this apparatus, the concentration of NO x constituents in a gaseous sample is measured by reacting those constituents with ozone to obtain a chemiluminescent reaction. The ozone is obtained...
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3849644 |
ELECTRON DISCHARGE DEVICE HAVING ELLIPSOID-SHAPED ELECTRODE SURFACES
An electron discharge device with a series of electrodes, one or more having an interior ellipsoid-shaped cavity wall surface, a portion of which is formed of, or coated with, electron emissive...
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3846630 |
METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING ELEMENTAL AREAS OF A PHOTOCATHODE
The invention relates to phototubes and in particular to photo multiplier tubes such as those associated with scintillation crystals and which are provided with an array of conductor elements...
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3835331 |
STABLE PULSED LIGHT SOURCE
A pulsed light source is provided for use as a standard source of light for the calibration of photomultiplier tubes and the like. The source utilizes an inexpensive light-emitting diode and...
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3816744 |
FAST RESPONSE AUTOMATIC BRIGHTNESS CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR SECOND GENERATION IMAGE INTENSIFIER TUBE
A fast response automatic bright source protection circuit for an image insifier tube in which the amount of screen current, which is produced according to the light intensity of a target source,...
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3805058 |
RADIATION SENSITIVE TRANSDUCER
A radiation sensitive transducer combining a photocathode and a lateral photoelectric detector to increase the sensitivity and gain, said transducer being operable in several different modes and...
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3790840 |
SECONDARY ELECTRON MULTIPLYING DEVICE USING SEMICONDUCTOR CERAMIC
A secondary electron multiplying device having high sensitivity for various kinds of electrically charged particles (e.g. electrons, positive ions, negative ions), X-rays, radio active rays, etc.,...
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3765776 |
CALIBRATED DENSITOMETER ACCOMMODATING VARIOUS COLOR TONES
A densitometer circuit uses a photo-multiplier tube to measure light levels. The tube is provided with an independent and preferably non-variant power supply connected between the cathode and first...
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3758781 |
RADIATION AND PARTICLE DETECTOR AND AMPLIFIER
A radiation or charged particle detector which incorporates a channel multiplier structure to amplify the detected rays or particles, the channel multiplier structure having a support multiplying...
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3752987 |
SYSTEM FOR DETECTING HIGH ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
An array comprising a large number of thin walled electron multiplying passageways is disposed in a housing having windows disposed so that high energy or penetrating electromagnetic radiation...
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3748478 |
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING A FAINT ENERGY SOURCE
A deflectable image dissector tube is utilized as a detector of a "faint" radiation source by alternately "viewing" the source and an adjacent nonradiating area. The deflection circuits are driven...
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3742474 |
FLAME DETECTOR
The output from a photosensitive transducer, such as a photo diode or the like, exposed to a flame, is applied to a circuit which is capable of filtering out regularly recurring a-c components to...
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3740561 |
DIMENSION CONTROLLING APPARATUS FOR DRAWING
An illustrative embodiment of the invention is directed to method and apparatus for manufacturing microchannel devices. Typically, the individual glass tubes in a hexagonal bundle are sealed on one...
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3739178 |
AUTOMATIC BRIGHT SOURCE PROTECTION CIRCUIT AND POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT FOR AN IMAGE INTENSIFIER
A clamping circuit between the cathode and the input electrode of a microchannel plate clamps the cathode operational voltage within the stable region of the cathode current-voltage...
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3733491 |
PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE CIRCUIT
A voltage difference equal to the sum of the voltage differences appearing between the cathode and first dynode, and between the last dynode and ground of a photomultiplier tube is subtracted from...
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3721824 |
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ADJUSTING GAIN OF PHOTOMULTIPLIER TYPE SCINTILLATION DETECTORS
Photomultiplier type scintillation detectors are normalized, or adjusted to constant gain characteristics, independent of the high voltage applied to the photomultiplier. The normalized...
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3720838 |
MULTI-APERTURE IMAGE DISSECTOR TUBE
An image dissection tube is provided with a plurality of apertures in which ach aperture is a different size. Each aperture is associated with an independent photomultiplier channel, and the...
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3714441 |
PHOTOMULTIPLIER GAIN CONTROL CIRCUIT
Automatic gain control circuit for controlling the gain of a photomultiplier. Successive pulsed reference light beams are directed onto the photomultiplier while a dc voltage is supplied thereto...
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3711720 |
AUTOMATIC BRIGHTNESS CONTROL FOR IMAGE INTENSIFIER TUBE
A circuit for operating an image intensifier tube wherein the voltages for the individual intensifier stages are supplied by a voltage multiplier arrangement. The invention includes circuitry to...
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3695761 |
PHOTOMULTIPLIER FOR A LASER VELOCIMETER
A photomultiplier (PM) tube for a laser velocimeter in which electrodes are utilized in conjunction with a local oscillator signal to permit frequency heterodyning to extend the useful frequency...
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3694659 |
AUTOMATIC CONTROL CIRCUIT FOR IMAGE INTENSIFIER
An automatic brightness control circuit for an image intensifier tube includes direct current limiting means for limiting the output of an oscillator which provides alternating current to a voltage...
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3691382 |
LOW ENERGY PARTICLE COUNTER WITH ONE-DIMENSIONAL POSITION SENSING
The invention provides one-dimensional position information relating to the detection of low energy particles such as photons or charged particles and also provides the capability of counting the...
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3680957 |
AUTOMATIC SPECTROPHOTOMETER
A spectrophotometer so constituted that calibration of the photometric circuit can be automatically performed to attain quick and precise measurement. The dynode supply voltage of a photomultiplier...
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3678279 |
AUTOMATIC VARIABLE GAIN OPTICAL TRACKER FOR SPACE VEHICLES COMPRISING D-C SYSTEM FOR ERROR SIGNAL GENERATION
A tracker for optical targets that vary in brightness and size over a wide range and at a relatively high rate, such as may be presented, for example, by a tumbling body in space. A tracking...
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3665497 |
ELECTRON MULTIPLIER WITH PREAMPLIFIER
A spiraled electron multiplier assembly fabricated of six twisted channels fused into a solid bundle or array, the input section of the electron multiplier being provided with a flared input...
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3663810 |
ELECTRON-MULTIPLIER-IONIZER MASS SPECTROMETER
An electron multiplier used together with additional elements to form a simple spectrometer for mass distribution studies. The multiplier is used to multiply a few electrons to provide an electron...
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3655987 |
MEANS FOR NOISE REDUCTION IN OUTPUT OF PHOTOEMISSIVE CELL COMPRISING PERIODICALLY DISCHARGED INTEGRATOR CAPACITOR
An electrical circuit including a photoemissive cell and an integrator capacitor which receives current from the cell and which is repeatedly discharged, the output being amplified to produce an...
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3654475 |
LIGHT SENSING DEVICE HAVING A POLYHEDRAL REFLECTOR AND A PHOTOMULTIPLIER WITH SEGMENTED PHOTOCATHODE
An illustrative embodiment of the invention combines a light position sensitive photoelectric device with a light beam splitting structure in order to indicate the position of the light source...
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3653763 |
APPARATUS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ULTRA-VIOLET, VISIBLE AND/OR INFRA-RED RADIATION
A radiation measuring device for ultra-violet, visible or infra-red radiation, particularly suitable for use in a color analyser for photographic printing has a photomultiplier tube with a current...
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3649868 |
PULSE ELECTRON GUN
An electron gun comprises a photoemissive source, which is excited by a source of light such as a pulsed laser. This electron emission is amplified by a secondary emission multiplication system...
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3646350 |
LIGHT-DETECTING ELECTRON MULTIPLIER WITH FIELD EMISSION PHOTOCONDUCTIVE CATHODE
A light detector based on the fact that the field emission from a photoconductive material varies depending on a variation in the intensity of the light to which said photoconductive material is...
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3640620 |
PHOTOGRAPHIC CONTROL APPARATUS
Photographic apparatus is disclosed capable of controlling all known photographic processes for exposing photosensitive material, including processes for producing color separation films and plates...
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3641352 |
ELECTRONIC LENS FOR A PHOTOELECTRON MULTIPLIER
An improvement in a crossfield photoelectron multiplier that has a plurality of electron emitting dynodes parallel and longitudinally extended with respect to the anode. The improvement anode has a...
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3634690 |
TUBULAR PHOTOCELL WITH SECONDARY EMISSION FROM INTERNAL SURFACE
A photocell using channel-type electron multiplier operation. The photocell has a glass body which acts as a structural portion of an evacuated envelope and, at the same time, is provided with one...
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3630617 |
AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION OF AN OPTICAL MEASURING SYSTEM EMPLOYING A PHOTOMULTIPLIER OR LIKE DEVICE
Automatic calibration of an optical-measuring system employing a photomultiplier tube or like device is achieved by varying the gain of the system until its response to a known event exceeds a...
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3614436 |
THERMOLUMINESCENCE DOSIMETER DEVICE
A digital electrometer having an electrometer amplifier and a digital voltmeter for giving a digital display of a very low voltage. In the device, an analog to digital converter converts the output...
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3614646 |
PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE AGC USING PHOTOEMITTER-SENSOR FOR DYNODE BIASING
A photomultiplier tube automatic gain control circuit wherein the biasing potentials between a plurality of adjacent dynodes are varied inversely as the amplitude of the photomultiplier output...
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3612946 |
ELECTRON MULTIPLIER DEVICE USING SEMICONDUCTOR CERAMIC
An electron multiplier device. A solid body of barium titanate semiconducting ceramic is formed into a tube or plurality of tubes and at least two electrodes are positioned at spaced points on the...
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3611042 |
RADIANT ENERGY ANALYZER FEEDBACK SYSTEM
A radiant energy analyzer is disclosed in which a feedback loop is included to vary an electrical bias to a radiant energy detector in response to selected conditions associated with an electrical...
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3609353 |
COINCIDENCE APPARATUS FOR DETECTING PARTICLES
This disclosure describes an apparatus for detecting particles. Particles, depending on their nature, pass through either an aperture in or the walls of a cylindrical cathode. The particles create...
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3600584 |
X-RAY PHOTOTIMER THAT IS COMPENSATED FOR DARK CURRENT
X-ray film density is controlled with a phototimer that uses a detector for producing an electric current which is proportional to the instantaneous intensity of the X-rays that penetrate the film....
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3586860 |
X-RAY PLANT FOR BOTH RADIOSCOPY AND PHOTOGRAPHY
Plural transducer elements, comprising a single transducer, are associated with an X-ray tube to produce an output which varies with average intensity of X-ray radiation. The transducer element...
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3580684 |
OPTICAL DENSITY-CALIBRATED PHOTOMETER
A system in which changes in the optical density of a sample are measured by passing a light beam through the sample including a photomultiplier for intercepting the exit beam and providing an...
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