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7076346 |
Automated continuous haulage system
The present invention relates to an automated continuous haulage apparatus and method designed for use in underground environments. Each mobile bridge carrier ( 10 ) contains distance measurement (...
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6789680 |
Screen assembly for vibratory separator
A screen assembly for a vibratory separator which, in at least certain aspects, has supporting apparatus with a plurality of openings therethrough, screening material on the supporting apparatus...
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6709573 |
Process for the recovery of hydrocarbon fractions from hydrocarbonaceous solids
Process and apparatus for extraction of oil and hydrocarbons from crushed hydrocarbonaceous solids, such as oil shale, involving the pyrolyzing of the crushed solids with liquid hydrocarbon and syn...
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6607569 |
Method of estimating reaction product in coal liquefying reaction
Disclosed is a method of estimating the outflow amount for each component of the effluent of a coal liquefying reactor consisting of vessel type reactors ( 16 a , 16 b , 16 c ) operated under a...
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6054043 |
Process for the hydrogenation of hydro-carbonaceous materials (Carb-Mat) for the production of vaporizable products
A process for the reductive hydrogenation of insufficiently hydrogenated, non-volatile carbonaceous materials to produce vaporizable products wherein the feed materials are brought into initial...
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5505839 |
Method of coal liquefaction
A method of coal liquefaction comprising the steps of: (a) producing a coal slurry from a pulverized coal and a solvent; (b) compressing a coke oven gas to prepare a compressed gas; (c) reacting...
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5431889 |
High temperature and high pressure reaction process and apparatus
A process and apparatus for carrying out reactions at elevated temperatures and pressures which minimizes the heat-up and cool-down times by rapid transport of the reactants using pressurized gas...
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5232679 |
Process for production of value-added coproducts from coal and other carbonaceous materials
Coal is heated between about 95° and 250° C. to evaporate moisture, but not volatile hydrocarbons. The dried coal is heated to a temperature between about 400° and 700° C. to recover volatile...
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5100536 |
Method of processing substances
A method of processing hydrocarbon substances including coal, heavy crude oil, and bitumen by hydrogenating the hydrocarbon substance with a gas containing from 20%-100% hydrogen at a pressure in...
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5015366 |
Process and apparatus for coal hydrogenation
In a coal liquefaction process an aqueous slurry of coal is prepared containing a dissolved liquefaction catalyst. A small quantity of oil is added to the slurry and then coal-oil agglomerates are...
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4997548 |
Coal extraction
Recycled oil solvents for coal extraction have their content of saturated cyclic species reduced by thermal cracking at 470° to 540° C. for a few minutes, restoring their effectiveness as...
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4944866 |
Process for the hydrogenation of coal
A process for the hydrogenation of coal which entails slurrying pulverized coal with oil, hydrogenating the mixture at an elevated temperature and pressure and separating the liquid and solid...
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4872971 |
Progressive flow cracking of coal/oil mixtures with high metals content catalyst
Liquid fuel products are produced at least partially from coal by passing into a progressive flow catalytic cracking zone a mixture stream of coal and carbometallic oil, forming mobile hydrogen...
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4846963 |
Ionic liquefaction process
A coal liquefaction process using ionic liquefaction techniques with polar solvent solubilizing agents and water soluble inorganic compounds, produces a carbonaceous liquefaction product which is...
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4842719 |
Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation and hydroconversion process
A process for two-stage catalytic hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal is...
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4758331 |
Low-sulfur fuels from coals
Fine particles of solid fossil fuels are pyrolyzed by passage in a thin layer through a heating zone at successively higher temperatures in a non-oxidizing atmosphere while rapidly separating and...
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4725350 |
Process for extracting oil and hydrocarbons from crushed solids using hydrogen rich syn gas
Process and apparatus for extraction of oil and hydrocarbons from crushed hydrocarbonaceous solids, such as tar sands, involving the pyrolyzing of the said solids with syn gas rich in hydrogen, and...
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4708788 |
Upgrading carbonaceous materials
A liquefaction process for coal lignite or heavy oil is disclosed utilizing a hydrogen-donor solvent. The preferred hydrogen-donor solvent is recovered as a vapor from the liquefaction mixture. The...
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4696735 |
Method and apparatus for multiphase coal hydrogenation reactors with exothermal heat of reaction having gas cooling in sump-phase reactors
A practically isothermal temperature distribution of the reactor contents is obtained, especially for high temperature and pressurized hydrogenation reactors operating in the sump-phase by a...
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4605487 |
Use of methane, methane and hydrogen, or natural gas for pyrolysis gas
Method for the production of liquid products, particularly, tar, from organic bulk materials. The invention relates to a method, whereby in an apparatus in one or a multiple of refining stages,...
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4599161 |
Retorting process with contaminant removal
Hydrogen sulfide issuing from an oil shale retort is captured in an absorbent bed. When the bed is regenerated as with oxygen containing gas, the sulfur dioxide liberated is reintroduced into the...
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4578176 |
Fuel production by free fall countercurrent flow
A process and apparatus for production of liquid and gaseous fuels from solid organic carbonaceous materials by reacting free falling solids in a countercurrent gas stream. The process is conducted...
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4578175 |
Combined process for coal pyrolysis and char gasification
Finely divided coal is reacted in a combination of processes comprising flash pyrolysis and fluidized bed gasification of char from the pyrolysis. A portion of the char which is heated by the...
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4576708 |
Beneficiation of shale kerogen and its conversion into shale oil
A process for the production and the conversion of shale kerogen to produce shale oil. The process includes grinding crushed shale into a first product and treating the first product with a first...
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4558651 |
Fired heater for coal liquefaction process
A fired heater for a coal liquefaction process is operated under conditions to maximize the slurry slug frequency and thereby improve the heat transfer efficiency. The operating conditions...
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4549954 |
Power recovery system for coal liquefaction process
Method and apparatus for minimizing energy required to inject reactant such as coal-oil slurry into a reaction vessel, using high pressure effluent from the latter to displace the reactant from a...
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4544476 |
Coal liquefaction and hydrogenation
In a two-stage liquefaction, hydrogenated 850° F.+ residuum from the second stage is used in formulating the first stage liquefaction solvent.
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4533460 |
Oil shale extraction process
Hydrocarbon liquids are recovered from oil shale and other solids containing organic matter by passing a liquid organic solvent downwardly through an extraction zone in contact with said solids at...
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4510037 |
Hydrogenation process for solid carbonaceous feed materials using thermal countercurrent flow reaction zone
Thermal hydrogenation of solids-containing carbonaceous feed materials to produce hydrocarbon gaseous and liquid products is performed in a thermal reaction zone, in which the feed material flows...
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4495055 |
Coal catalytic hydrogenation process using direct coal slurry feed to reactor with controlled mixing conditions
A process for improved catalytic hydrogenation of coal to produce increased yields of low boiling hydrocarbon liquids and gas products, in which a coal-oil slurry is fed directly with only limited...
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4472264 |
Process for converting solid carbonaceous materials to methane
Process for converting solid carbonaceous materials to methane, comprising (a) converting the carbonaceous material by means of a reducing gas at 300°-500° C. to a semi-oily phase adapted to be...
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4457826 |
Prevention of deleterious deposits in a coal liquefaction system
A process for preventing the formation of deleterious coke deposits on the walls of coal liquefaction reactor vessels involves passing hydrogen and a feed slurry comprising feed coal and recycle...
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4455215 |
Process for the geoconversion of coal into oil
A process for the geoconversion of coal into oil comprising the steps of forming a coal slurry, injecting the coal slurry into a preselected oil well to provide an environment for the coal slurry...
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4437973 |
Coal hydrogenation process with direct coal feed and improved residuum conversion
A process for hydrogenation of coal to produce hydrocarbon liquids and gases, wherein the yield of liquid products is increased by feeding particulate coal at temperature below about 600° F....
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4435280 |
Hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbon oils with high pitch conversion
A process is described for the hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbon oils which permits pitch conversions of over 90%, and preferably over 95%. A slurry of a heavy hydrocarbon oil and carbonaceous...
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4435269 |
Conversion of lignite to higher quality fuels
A process to obtain liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon products from low grade carbonaceous deposits such as lignite, by retorting a first portion to produce a hydrocarbon oil, and reacting a second...
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4431509 |
Hydrocarbon production by free fall countercurrent flow hydroconversion
A process and apparatus for production of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon products from solid organic carbonaceous materials by reacting free falling solids with a countercurrent hydrogen-containing...
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4424108 |
Process for heating coal-oil slurries
Controlling gas to slurry volume ratio to achieve a gas holdup of about 0.4 when heating a flowing coal-oil slurry and a hydrogen containing gas stream allows operation with virtually any coal to...
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4410414 |
Method for hydroconversion of solid carbonaceous materials
A method for hydroconversion of solid carbonaceous material including a solids containment set of streams wherein a hydrocarbon solvent contacts the solid carbonaceous material for dissolution and...
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4404086 |
Radial flow retorting process with trays and downcomers
Solid heat carrier material and solid hydrocarbon-containing material, such as oil shale, tar sands or coal, are deflected be conical baffles into radially moving fluid beds which alternately flow...
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4404084 |
Coal hydrogenation and deashing in ebullated bed catalytic reactor
An improved process for hydrogenation of coal containing ash with agglomeration and removal of ash from an ebullated bed catalytic reactor to produce deashed hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In...
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4400263 |
H-Coal process and plant design
A process for converting coal and other hydrocarbonaceous materials into useful and more valuable liquid products. The process comprises: feeding coal and/or other hydrocarbonaceous materials with...
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4400262 |
Fluid coking with the addition of polymetaphosphoric acid catalysts
A fluid coking process is provided in which a polymetaphosphoric acid, a salt of a polymetaphosphoric acid or precursors thereof are present in the fluid coking zone.
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4400261 |
Process for coal liquefaction by separation of entrained gases from slurry exiting staged dissolvers
There is described an improved liquefaction process by which coal is converted to a low ash and low sulfur carbonaceous material that can be used as a fuel in an environmentally acceptable manner...
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4359451 |
Desulfurization of carbonaceous materials
Solid carbonaceous material, especially coal or coal char, is desulfurized by treatment with a limited amount of hydrogen to convert the organic sulfur to sulfide sulfur at an elevated temperature....
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4344836 |
Method for converting coal to hydrocarbons by hydrogenation
A method and apparatus for converting, i.e. hydrogenating, dry particles of coal with hydrogen to give hydrocarbons such as engine or heating fuels. The invention combines together several steps in...
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4336125 |
Production of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels from peat
A process and apparatus for production of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels from peat providing wide variation of the composite proportion of liquid-gas output while maintaining high overall carbon...
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4324644 |
Pyrolysis process for stabilizing volatile hydrocarbons utilizing a beneficially reactive gas
In a process for recovery of values contained in solid carbonaceous material, the solid carbonaceous material is comminuted and then subjected to pyrolysis in the presence of a capping agent, a...
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4324643 |
Pyrolysis process for producing condensed stabilized hydrocarbons
In a process for recovery of values contained in solid carbonaceous material, the solid carbonaceous material is comminuted and then subjected to pyrolysis, preferably in the presence of a solid...
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4324641 |
Pyrolysis process utilizing a beneficially reactive gas
In a process for recovery of values contained in solid carbonaceous material, a solid carbonaceous material is comminuted and then treated at an elevated temperature in a pretreatment zone with a...
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