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7378009 |
Method of controlling an aluminum cell with variable alumina dissolution rate
A method of controlling an aluminum reduction cell including the following steps:
maintaining alumina concentration within preset limits by alternating base, underfeed and overfeed modes;...
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7325392 |
Control system for catalytic processes
The present invention provides methods and systems for controlling a catalytic process. The control system includes: an electroconductive support having a layer of a catalyst thereon; a first...
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7175749 |
Method and device for detecting anode effects of an electrolytic cell for aluminum production
Process for early detection of an anode effect in an aluminum production cell based on molten salt electrolysis. The cell comprises at least one anode, at least one cathode and cathode connecting...
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7153476 |
Large capacity acid or base generator apparatus
Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g. for chromatographic analysis of anions. For generating a base the method includes the steps of providing a cation source in a cation source...
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7122109 |
Method for the improvements of current efficiency in electrolysis
The invention relates to a method for the improvement of current efficiency in electrolysis. According to the method, a theoretical cell voltage is first calculated, which is compared with the...
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7081193 |
Multi-stack isolation detection system
A system for detecting an isolation fault in a multi-stack fuel cell system. The system determines the percentage of the voltage from each stack in the multi-stack that contributes to the voltage...
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7001085 |
Method and system for processing of photographic materials
A method of processing photographic material includes the steps of processing the photographic material in a processing solution, monitoring the concentration of a process-retarding by-product of...
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6949179 |
Methods for forming magnetically modified electrodes and articles produced thereby
The present invention is directed to methods for making magnetically modified electrodes and electrodes made according to the method. Such electrode are useful as electrodes in batteries, such as...
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6890417 |
Apparatus and method for refining alkaline solution
An electrolytic bath is divided into an anodic chamber and a cathodic chamber by a cation-exchange membrane. A base alkaline solution of high impurity concentration is supplied into the anodic...
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6841292 |
Hydrogen sensor for fuel processors of a fuel cell
A method and apparatus estimate hydrogen concentration in a reformate stream produced by a fuel processor of a fuel cell. A sensor measures carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water in the...
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6660156 |
Pipe electropolishing apparatus using an electrolyte heater and cooler
A temperature handling subsystem ( 12 ) for a pipe electrochemical polishing system ( 10 ) has a chiller ( 46 ) and associated heat exchanger ( 44 ) for cooling the acid electrolyte ( 24 )...
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6652732 |
Fan flow sensor for proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell
A fan flow sensor for a gas generating proton exchange member electrolysis cell includes a switching device and a sail disposed in communication with the switching device. The sail is pivotally...
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6652733 |
Method of operating a reactor for removing impurities by electrochemical means
A method of operating a reactor for removing impurities by electrochemical means from liquids, such as aqueous solutions. The liquid is passed through series of plateshaped reaction electrodes...
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6592736 |
Methods and apparatus for controlling an amount of a chemical constituent of an electrochemical bath
An automated chemical management system for managing the chemical content of an electrochemical bath used to deposit a material on the surface of a microelectronic workpiece is set forth. The...
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6524464 |
Fan flow sensor for hydrogen generating proton exchange member electrolysis cell
A fan flow sensor for a hydrogen generating proton exchange member electrolysis cell includes a switching device and a sail slideably disposed on the switching device. The sail is configured to...
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6508928 |
Recovery of metal from solution
The invention relates to a method for controlling the recovery of a metal, such as silver, from a solution flowing through an electrolytic cell. A constant current is applied between the anode and...
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6361678 |
Method of detecting a short incident during electrochemical processing and a system therefor
The present invention provides a method of detecting a short incident in an electrochemical cell (e.g., a Simons electrochemical fluorination cell or bipolar flow cell) using means for detecting...
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6315954 |
Acid or base generator and analyzer
An apparatus for generating high purity acid or base in an aqueous stream for use in analysis. For generating a base, the aqueous stream is directed through a cation exchange bed having first...
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6316271 |
Acid or base generator and method of use
A method for generating high purity acid or base in an aqueous stream for use in analysis. For generating a base for anion chromatography, the aqueous stream is directed through a cation exchange...
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6316270 |
Acid base or generator
A method for generating high purity acid or base in an aqueous stream for use as an eluent for chromatography and, particularly, ion chromatography. For generating a base for anion chromatography,...
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6254760 |
Electro-chemical deposition system and method
The present invention generally provides an electro-chemical deposition system that is designed with a flexible architecture that is expandable to accommodate future designs rules and gap fill...
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RE37194 |
High throughput solid phase chemical synthesis utilizing thin cylindrical reaction vessels useable for biological assay
A high throughput chemical synthesis system utilizing cylindrical reaction vessels is disclosed. Reaction vessels are utilized which include a tubular member adapted for placement of electronically...
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6225129 |
Large capacity acid or base generation apparatus and method of use
Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g. for chromatographic analysis of anions. For generating a base the method includes the steps of providing a cation source in a cation source...
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6146518 |
Pressure differential control in an electrolytic cell
An improved process for providing hydrogen from an electrolytic cell having an anolyte solution having an anolyte liquid level; a catholyte solution having a catholyte liquid level; generating...
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6086724 |
Method for forming particulate reaction and measuring method thereof
Particulates are trapped by laser beam and brought into contact with electrodes to electrochemically and spectroscopically measure the reaction process thereof. Precise measurement of the process...
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6083374 |
Process for maintaining a constant concentration of substances in an electroplating bath
The invention relates to a method for maintaining constant concentrations of substances contained in an electrolytic treatment bath, preferably in baths with aqueous solutions. In order to...
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6039861 |
Electrochemical reactions
The invention provides an electrochemical reaction wherein a controlled amount of a first reagent is generated electrochemically at an electrode in electrical contact with a solution of an...
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6036921 |
Acid or base generator with chromatograph
An apparatus for generating high purity acid or base in an aqueous stream for use as an eluent for chromatography and, particularly, ion chromatography. For generating a base for anion...
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6036838 |
Method for determining the substance conversion during electrochemical reactions and electrochemical unit
In order to improve a method for determining the substance conversion during areal electrochemical reactions in at least one local surface area between a counterelectrode arrangement of an areal...
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6033549 |
Method of electrolysis
In order to provide a method of electrolysis for the electrolysis of water, in which water is decomposed electrolytically from an electrolysis medium and the electrolysis gases hydrogen and oxygen...
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6007693 |
Spa halogen generator and method of operating
A halogen generator produces a halogen sanitizing agent to sanitize water in a spa or other water feature. A coaxial wall fitting desirably couples the halogen generator to the water feature. The...
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5951842 |
Process for monitoring the electrolyte circulation in an electrolysis cell
A process for monitoring the electrolyte circulation in an electrolysis cell, in which an electrolyte flow generated by a circulation pump is generated between the electrodes of the electrolysis...
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5840172 |
Direct current hydrogen generator, system and method
The invention relates to an ultra-high purity gas generator system, such as a hydrogen gas generator system and method, which employs a direct current source to supply proportional electrical...
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5833830 |
Redox control in the electrodeposition of metals
In one embodiment, a method of electrowinning a metal from an electrolyte comprises the steps of measuring the redox potential of the electrolyte to obtain a measured value, comparing the measured...
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5695628 |
Method of use of an aluminum foil
The use of an aluminum foil is proposed for the chemical reduction of fluid and/or gas-like components, like CO 2 , and/or as a detector for electromagnetic radiation, e.g., in the ultra-violet...
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5604302 |
Starch gelatinization measuring system
A starch gelatinization measuring system including an ohmic heater to hold and to heat the starch sample to be measured, the ohmic heater having a pair of plate electrodes for heating; a power...
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5480769 |
Method and apparatus for controlling electrolytic silver recovery for two film processing machines
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling electrolytic silver recovery for two film processing machines which enables the fixing baths to be connected with a silver recovery...
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5476579 |
Process for generating chlorine dioxide and apparatus therefor
Described is an apparatus for the generation of chlorine dioxide, comprising: a cylindrical, insulated body tube; a hollow inner opposite electrode column with a cross section of polygon, which is...
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5451298 |
Method and device for the electrolytic recovery of silver in two film processing machines
A method for the electrolytic recovery of silver is disclosed. The silver is recovered from two film processing machines. Each machine has a fixing bath. Silver concentration is determined in each...
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5417817 |
Biomass gasification process and apparatus
An apparatus for a gasification of a biomass liquid solution includes a reaction chamber having a biomass liquid solution therein. The biomass solution includes at least water and carbon. A pair of...
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5397443 |
Method of assembling tubular electrochemical oxygen generators
An oxygen concentration system for producing oxygen from air comprises an electrochemical oxygen generator mounted within an inner housing. The generator has an outer surface and is adapted to...
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5362369 |
Fully automatic current control for metal depletion cells
An electrolytic cell, for demetallization of a solution containing metal ions, has a hydrogen sensor connected to a control and monitoring unit which controls the intensity of current applied...
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5362368 |
Chlorine generator
An electrolytic chlorine gas generating system is disclosed. The system includes an electrolytic cell generating the chlorine gas, a brine tank supplying saturated brine to the anode compartment of...
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5282934 |
Metal recovery by batch electroplating with directed circulation
The invention is related to apparatuses and methods for recovering metals from solution using electroplating processes. Batch processing of electrolytic solution occurs by circulating electrolytic...
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5264091 |
Method and an electrochemical installation for treating aqueous effluent containing a heavy metal
An electrochemical installation for treating aqueous effluent containing a heavy metal, the installation comprising an electroplating reactor for the heavy metal, itself comprising a tank in which...
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5178771 |
Method for measuring impurity concentration and removing impurities from electrolytic solution for electrowinning of zinc
Concentrations of cobalt and copper of electrolysis solution for electrowinning of zinc can be measured any time during electrowinning operation by continuously sampling the solution, diluting it,...
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5158656 |
Method and apparatus for the electrolytic preparation of group IV and V hydrides
An electrochemical apparatus and method for supplying volatile hydrides of sufficient purity, at the proper pressure, and in the required volume, for direct introduction into a chemical vapor...
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5094728 |
Regulation and stabilization of the AlF.sub.3 content in an aluminum electrolysis cell
A method is used for regulating and stabilizing an AlF 3 content (c), which is at least about 10% by weight, in the bath of an electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum from alumina...
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4857158 |
Sodium hydrosulfite electrolytic cell process control system
A process control system for a filter press membrane electrochemical cell is provided that utilizes a microcomputer for multi-tasking functions to concurrently execute four programs to control the...
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4802961 |
Silver removal apparatus and method
A compact, self-contained, automatic electrolytic unit for recovery of silver. The apparatus includes a housing having a reservoir for unprocessed solution, an electrolytic cell disposed within the...
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