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8147926 |
Laser gas assisted nitriding of alumina surfaces
Laser gas assisted nitriding of alumina surfaces is a process for applying a nitride coating to an alumina or alumina-based composite surface. The method involves the step of applying a phenolic...
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8142861 |
Method of carbo-nitriding alumina surfaces
The method of carbo-nitriding alumina surfaces is a process for applying a carbo-nitride coating to an alumina or alumina-based composite surface. The method involves the step of applying a...
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7922875 |
Method and apparatus for enrichment of heavy oxygen isotopes
A method of enriching a heavy oxygen isotope by distillation of the present invention includes: a first distillation step of feeding oxygen and ozone generated by an ozonizer 12 into a distillation...
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7855358 |
Method and an ion source for obtaining ions of an analyte
A method of obtaining ions of an analyte is disclosed. The method includes aerosolizing a sample using a thermal liquid jetting device or a piezoelectric liquid jetting device to obtain an aerosol...
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7514015 |
Method for surface cleaning
A system for removing photoresist from semiconductor wafers is disclosed. The system utilizes a solid-state laser having wavelengths in the near-visible and visible portions of the electromagnetic...
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7315374 |
Real-time monitoring optically trapped carbon nanotubes
An embodiment of the present invention is a technique to monitor carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A carbon nanotube (CNT) is manipulated in a fluid by a laser beam. An illuminating light from a light...
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7276103 |
Method and device for separating molecules having different excitation spectra
The invention relates to a method for the separation of molecules having different excitation spectra, which form components of a gas. The molecules are excited by laser pulses in a way that the...
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6932944 |
High efficiency scrubber for waste gas abatement
A gas scrubber comprises a gas inlet pipe that provides the scrubber with gases to be processed; means for initiating reactions of decomposition that is directed to initialize the decomposition of...
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6930304 |
Process and apparatus for isotope separation in low-gravity environment
A process and apparatus for separating element isotopes in a microgravity or low-gravity environment using electromagnetic radiation, e.g., sunlight, to heat and ionize a stream of raw materials,...
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6614018 |
Process and apparatus for continuous-feed all-isotope separation in microgravity using solar power
A process and apparatus for separating element isotopes in space by heating a stream of raw materials using concentrated sunlight and ionizing radiation, followed by electromagnetic separation, and...
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6559402 |
Process for separation of low natural concentration isotopes in an electromagnetic separator with ion source
A process of separating low natural concentration protons in an electromagnetic separator having an ion source utilizes X-ray spectral analysis to distinguish areas of separated, increased-content...
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6200674 |
Tin oxide particles
Tin oxide nanoparticles were produced with tin in a variety of oxidation states. In particular, nanoparticles of single phase, crystalline SnO2 were produced. Preferred tin oxide nanoparticles have...
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6137073 |
Enrichment method for radioactive isotopes
In the method of this invention, a radioactive isotope, for example, U238, is placed within a region. High-energy electrons or high-energy photons in the form of X-rays, gamma rays, or laser...
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6037103 |
Method for forming hole in printed board
In a mask imaging method (by shooting a laser beam) for forming holes in a resin layer of a printed board, a sectional shape is reshaped by beam reshaping optics. Light path holes corresponding to...
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5948214 |
Isotope separation
A method of isotope separation includes vaporisation and atomising in an evacuated chamber a supply of the element whose isotopes are to be separated to form a stream of atoms of the element in the...
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5945649 |
Atomic vapor laser isotope separation of lead-210 isotope
An isotopically selective laser process and apparatus for removal of Pb-210 from natural lead that involves a one-photon near-resonant, two-photon resonant excitation of one or more Rydberg levels,...
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5934103 |
Method and apparatus for production of spin-polarized medical-grade xenon 129 gas by laser optical pumping
Spin-polarized xenon gas is provided in medical-grade purity for use as a contrast medium in MRI studies by use of collision-induced transfer of spin energy to the xenon gas from laser-pumped...
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5883350 |
Crisla process
Nozzle cooling and wall contact prevention control are included in a gaseous CRISLA apparatus, along with removable collectors, and the efficient use of one or more currently available high power...
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5808256 |
Method of controlling a photoreaction with a laser beam
A target is irradiated with a laser beam having an energy of hν/n, where n is an integer, instead of the photon energy hν required for a reaction to proceed using a conventional single-photon e...
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5666639 |
CRISLA process and apparatus
Nozzle cooling and wall contact prevention control are included in a gaseous CRISLA apparatus, along with removable collectors, and the efficient use of one or more currently available high power...
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5620571 |
Multiple single frequency laser system and method of optical manipulaton of molecules
A multiple single frequency laser for optical manipulation of molecules is presented. The multiple single frequency laser comprises generally a multiline laser source which utilizes one sample of...
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5591947 |
Method and apparatus for laser isotope separation
A simple system for obtaining high dissociation yield in a single highly selective step, even at very high pumping powers, in the molecular laser isotope separation (MLIS) route of Uranium...
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5527437 |
Selective two-color resonant ionization of zirconium-91
A method for selectively photoionizing odd mass Zr atoms. Atomic vapours are subjected to two resonant laser pulses to raise the energy of Zr atoms from the J=2 ground state, to a J=1 first...
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5464512 |
Method of uranium isotope enrichment by utilizing a photochemically selective effect
A method of uranium isotope enrichment by utilizing a photochemically selective effect is provided. The method comprises placing a powder of a uranyl compound of carboxylate having at least one...
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5443702 |
Laser isotope separation of erbium and other isotopes
Laser isotope separation is accomplished using at least two photoionization pathways of an isotope simultaneously, where each pathway comprises two or more transition steps. This separation method...
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5441569 |
Apparatus and method for laser deposition of durable coatings
Method and apparatus for depositing durable coatings onto the surface of a substrate without heating the entire substrate to high temperatures by using lasers to heat the substrate and dissociate a...
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5419820 |
Process for producing enriched uranium having a 235 U content of at least 4 wt. % via combination of a gaseous diffusion process and an atomic vapor laser isotope separation process to eliminate uranium hexafluoride tails storage
An uranium enrichment process capable of producing an enriched uranium, having a 235 U content greater than about 4 wt. %, is disclosed which will consume less energy and produce metallic uranium...
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5376246 |
Efficient mass-selective three-photon ionization of zirconium atoms
In an AVLIS process, 91 Zr is selectively removed from natural zirconium by a three-step photoionization wherein Zr atoms are irradiated by a laser beam having a wavelength λ1, selectively raising ...
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5316635 |
Zirconium isotope separation using tuned laser beams
A method for selectively photoionizing odd mass Zr atoms. Atomic vapours are subjected to three resonant and are non resonant laser pulses to raise the energy of Zr atoms from the J=2 ground state,...
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5224971 |
Method and apparatus for separating isotopes
In a typical method of separating isotopes, a linear material is fed between electrodes arranged in a vacuum vessel. Joule heat is generated by supplying a current to the linear material. A vapor...
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5221446 |
Isotope separation process
Selection criteria are disclosed for choosing a coreactant RX that will improve the isotope separation in laser-activated chemical reactions which may proceed by the steps: ##STR1## The step of...
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5205913 |
Process of 196 Hg enrichment
A simple rate equation model shows that by increasing the length of the photochemical reactor and/or by increasing the photon intensity in said reactor, the feedstock utilization of 196 Hg will be...
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5202005 |
Gadolinium photoionization process
A method is provided for selective photoionization of the odd-numbered atomic mass gadolinium isotopes 155 and 157. The selective photoionization is accomplished by circular or linear parallel...
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5149406 |
Electrical field quenching of optical breakdown
Optical breakdown in a transparent, non-linear medium used for optical phase conjugation or the like is induced by interaction with the medium of a strong laser beam propagating therethrough,...
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5131991 |
Automated product recovery in a HG-196 photochemical isotope separation process
A method of removing deposited product from a photochemical reactor used in the enrichment of 196 Hg has been developed and shown to be effective for rapid re-cycling of the reactor system. Unlike...
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5110430 |
High mass isotope separation arrangement
An isotope separation arrangement for separating a preselected isotope from a mixture of chemically identical but isotopically different molecules by either photon-induced pure rovibrational or...
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5093086 |
Packed bed reactor for photochemical 196 Hg isotope separation
Straight tubes and randomly oriented pieces of tubing having been employed in a photochemical mercury enrichment reactor and have been found to improve the enrichment factor (E) and utilization (U)...
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5085410 |
Modular processing system
A vaporizer and extractor apparatus for a laser isotope separation process is arranged as an assemblage of modular components in which equipment subject to maintenance is replaceable via vacuum...
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5061353 |
High feedstock utilization photochemical process for 196 Hg enrichment
A photochemical process for 196 Hg enrichment is provided. The process of the invention includes entraining mercury including 196 Hg isotope in a carrier medium comprising argon and HCl; and...
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5024739 |
Novel hybrid isotope separation scheme and apparatus
A method of yielding selectively a desired enrichment in a specific isotope including the steps of inputting into a spinning chamber a gas from which the specific isotope is to be isolated,...
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5024741 |
Hybrid isotope separation scheme
A method of yielding selectively a desired enrichment in a specific isotope including the steps of inputting into a spinning chamber a gas from which a scavenger, radiating the gas with a wave...
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5025152 |
Apparatus for separating isotopes of uranium
An apparatus for separating isotopes of uranium, comprising a vacuum chamber and a source of uranium placed therein, means for evaporating uranium from the source, means for selectively ionizing a...
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5011584 |
Method for separating a predetermined isotope of an element from a gaseous compound containing said element
Isotopes of an element are separated using a method in which a gaseous compound containing said element is brought into a condition in which the molecules of the compound are in the ground...
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4981565 |
Method and apparatus for controlling the flow rate of mercury in a flow system
A method for increasing the mercury flow rate to a photochemical mercury enrichment utilizing an entrainment system comprises the steps of passing a carrier gas over a pool of mercury maintained at...
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4948478 |
Uranium isotope separation process following the molecular laser process
The process of the present invention provides a gas steam of a mixture of UF6 isotopes and an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen, which is adiabatically expanded through a nozzle into a laser light...
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4946567 |
Apparatus for the distribution of laser beams used during a selective reaction in a process for isotope separation by lasers
Apparatus for the distribution of laser beams used during a selective reaction in a process for isotope separation by lasers. The system comprises in an enclosure (10), a material in the form of a...
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4944573 |
Device for distributing laser beams used in an isotopic separation method
A device for distributing laser beams used in an isotopic separation method. The plurality of laser beams Sn used in the process; where n is a whole number at least equal to 2, are divided by means...
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4941956 |
Method of enriching the isotope carbon 13 by means of laser irradiation
An enrichment method of carbon 13 by use of the multistage laser irradiation. A mixture of CHClF2 and Br2 is used as a start substance. The mixture is irradiated with laser rays emitted from a...
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4824537 |
Working substances used in laser isotope separation and method of laser isotope separation
Silicon isotopes are effectively separated by irradiating a polysilane compound or a fluoromosilane compound according to this invention with infrared laser rays. The polysilane compound is defined...
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4801365 |
Method for enriching a middle isotope using vibration-vibration pumping
Method for producing isotopically enriched material by vibration-vibration excitation of gaseous molecules wherein a middle mass isotope of an isotopic mixture including lighter and heavier mass...
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