Adhesive-fastened padeye device
United States Patent 3866873
A padeye fastening assembly for attachment to a surface, having an eye or ng affixed to a disc, and having cemented to the disc a plurality of microcapsules containing the constituents of a two-part polyester epoxy adhesive system. The microcapsules are protected from being removed during handling by a disposable cap. The padeye is secured to the desired place by pressing and wringing it against the surface, thereby crushing the shells of the capsules, mixing the constituents, and maintaining contact until curing takes place.
US Patent References:
Cementitious anchorable hanger support
Moore - September 1945 - 2385296
Vacuum mounting device
Van Dusen - January 1961 - 2968460
WALL MOUNTED BRACKET FOR HOLDING CONTAINERS
Iversen - November 1969 - 3480244
Cementitious anchorable hanger support
Moore - September 1945 - 2385296
Vacuum mounting device
Van Dusen - January 1961 - 2968460
WALL MOUNTED BRACKET FOR HOLDING CONTAINERS
Iversen - November 1969 - 3480244
Application Number:
05/266523
Publication Date:
02/18/1975
Filing Date:
06/16/1972
View Patent Images:
Export Citation:
Assignee:
The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Navy (Washington, DC)
Primary Class:
Other Classes:
D08/354, D08/396, D08/370, 102/406, 248/205.300
International Classes:
F16B11/00
Field of Search:
102/10,13 118/DIG.3 248/205,206,304,305,315 401/132
Primary Examiner:
Stahl, Robert F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm:
Sciascia, Cooke R. S. J. A.
Claims:
1. A padeye attachment assembly adapted to be secured to a surface comprising:
2. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 1 wherein said protective cover further comprises:
3. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 2 wherein said protective cover further comprises:
4. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 3 further comprising:
5. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 4 wherein said handle is a ring.
6. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 4 wherein said plate is a disc.
2. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 1 wherein said protective cover further comprises:
3. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 2 wherein said protective cover further comprises:
4. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 3 further comprising:
5. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 4 wherein said handle is a ring.
6. The padeye attachment assembly of claim 4 wherein said plate is a disc.
Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to an attachment device and, more particularly, to a padeye and disc which may be readily and quickly secured to a surface by an adhesive system. In the conduct of naval warfare, the attachment of explosives and weapons, such as mines, to the hulls of enemy ships by clandestine underwater swimmers is an ancient art. But the practice poses many problems to the worker, including lack of prior knowledge of the surface and material of the hull, the limited time he has to work, and his endurance to perform the work and return to a safe location. Another problem is that significant noises may alert the enemy personnel or activate noise detectors on the ship to which the padeye is attached. The means of attachment must, therefore, be silent lest the mission be aborted and the worker's life endangered.
Past devices for hull attachment used fastener, magnetic and adhesive principles, and each inherent inheerent drawbacks. Nails or threaded fasteners cannot be used on metal hulls, and magnetic devices cannot be used on wooden and non-magnetic metal hulls. While some adhesives may be used on all types of hulls, the surface must be barnacle- and slime-free. Furthermore, magnetic attachment devices are susceptible to being jarred loose by vibration and shock due to internal machinery, manual pounding from inside, or from the ship's movement in the water.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a padeye fastening device for use in air, in space, and underwater.
Another object of the invention is to provide a padeye fastening device that can be attached to a surface in a short period of time.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a padeye fastening device that can be attached to a surface with no tools or accessories.
A still further object of the instant invention is to provide a padeye fastening device using a quick-setting adhesive for attachment to a surface.
Another still further object of this invention is to provide a reliable means for attaching devices to the underwater hulls of ships.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a padeye fastening device that may be attached to metallic and non-metallic surfaces.
One other object of this invention is to provide a padeye fastening device that may be attached to the hulls of ships silently and undetectably.
Briefly, these and other objects of the present invention are attained by providing an eye attached to one side of a flat disc or plate. A plurality of frangible microcapsules, containing the constituents of a two-part adhesive system, are cemented one layer thick to the other side of the disc. These microcapsules readily crush and the constituents mix to form an almost instantaneous bond between the disc and the selected surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the padeye fastening assembly; and
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the padeye secured to a surface.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now the the drawings wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the several views, there is shown in FIG. 1 a padeye fastening assembly 10 having an attachment ring 12 attached, as by welding, to one side of a flat disc 14. The other side of the flat disc 14 is covered with a plurality of microcapsules 16 one layer deep. These miscrcapsules 16 are frangible and contain the liquid constituents of a two-part polyester epoxy adhesive system. Microcapsules 16 are cemented to the disc 14 with a water-resistant adhesive.
Covering the side of the disc 14 having the microcapsules is a protective cover 18 made of a plastic such, for example, as polyethylene or nylon. The protective cover 18 protects the microcapsules from being brushed off during handling and is in sealing relationship with the edge of the disc by means of an inwardly disposed lip 20 and a shoulder 22. The shoulder 22 maintains a space between the cover 18 and the microcapsules to prevent premature removal during handling. If desired, a weight 24 may be fastened to the outside of cover 18 to sink, and thereby avoid detection of, the device in the event of its removal.
Referring now to FIG. 2, and describing the use of the padeye fastening assembly 10, it is shown secured to the underwater hull 26 of a ship or vessel. When a swimmer reaches the ship's hull 26 and selects a site of attachment for the padeye, he removes the protective cover 18, thereby exposing the microcapsules 16 on the disc 14 (all shown in FIG. 1). He then grasps the ring 12 and presses the disc face against the hull with a forceful wringing action which shatters the frangible microcapsules 16, allowing admixture of the constituents of the two-part epoxy system. This system provides rapid curing; initial curing occurs in 10 seconds, at which time the swimmer may release the padeye, and final bond is completed in 3 minutes. The novel padeye fastening device is then ready to support a load, such as an ordnance, a detector, or other similar device.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
This invention relates generally to an attachment device and, more particularly, to a padeye and disc which may be readily and quickly secured to a surface by an adhesive system. In the conduct of naval warfare, the attachment of explosives and weapons, such as mines, to the hulls of enemy ships by clandestine underwater swimmers is an ancient art. But the practice poses many problems to the worker, including lack of prior knowledge of the surface and material of the hull, the limited time he has to work, and his endurance to perform the work and return to a safe location. Another problem is that significant noises may alert the enemy personnel or activate noise detectors on the ship to which the padeye is attached. The means of attachment must, therefore, be silent lest the mission be aborted and the worker's life endangered.
Past devices for hull attachment used fastener, magnetic and adhesive principles, and each inherent inheerent drawbacks. Nails or threaded fasteners cannot be used on metal hulls, and magnetic devices cannot be used on wooden and non-magnetic metal hulls. While some adhesives may be used on all types of hulls, the surface must be barnacle- and slime-free. Furthermore, magnetic attachment devices are susceptible to being jarred loose by vibration and shock due to internal machinery, manual pounding from inside, or from the ship's movement in the water.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a padeye fastening device for use in air, in space, and underwater.
Another object of the invention is to provide a padeye fastening device that can be attached to a surface in a short period of time.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a padeye fastening device that can be attached to a surface with no tools or accessories.
A still further object of the instant invention is to provide a padeye fastening device using a quick-setting adhesive for attachment to a surface.
Another still further object of this invention is to provide a reliable means for attaching devices to the underwater hulls of ships.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a padeye fastening device that may be attached to metallic and non-metallic surfaces.
One other object of this invention is to provide a padeye fastening device that may be attached to the hulls of ships silently and undetectably.
Briefly, these and other objects of the present invention are attained by providing an eye attached to one side of a flat disc or plate. A plurality of frangible microcapsules, containing the constituents of a two-part adhesive system, are cemented one layer thick to the other side of the disc. These microcapsules readily crush and the constituents mix to form an almost instantaneous bond between the disc and the selected surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the padeye fastening assembly; and
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the padeye secured to a surface.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now the the drawings wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the several views, there is shown in FIG. 1 a padeye fastening assembly 10 having an attachment ring 12 attached, as by welding, to one side of a flat disc 14. The other side of the flat disc 14 is covered with a plurality of microcapsules 16 one layer deep. These miscrcapsules 16 are frangible and contain the liquid constituents of a two-part polyester epoxy adhesive system. Microcapsules 16 are cemented to the disc 14 with a water-resistant adhesive.
Covering the side of the disc 14 having the microcapsules is a protective cover 18 made of a plastic such, for example, as polyethylene or nylon. The protective cover 18 protects the microcapsules from being brushed off during handling and is in sealing relationship with the edge of the disc by means of an inwardly disposed lip 20 and a shoulder 22. The shoulder 22 maintains a space between the cover 18 and the microcapsules to prevent premature removal during handling. If desired, a weight 24 may be fastened to the outside of cover 18 to sink, and thereby avoid detection of, the device in the event of its removal.
Referring now to FIG. 2, and describing the use of the padeye fastening assembly 10, it is shown secured to the underwater hull 26 of a ship or vessel. When a swimmer reaches the ship's hull 26 and selects a site of attachment for the padeye, he removes the protective cover 18, thereby exposing the microcapsules 16 on the disc 14 (all shown in FIG. 1). He then grasps the ring 12 and presses the disc face against the hull with a forceful wringing action which shatters the frangible microcapsules 16, allowing admixture of the constituents of the two-part epoxy system. This system provides rapid curing; initial curing occurs in 10 seconds, at which time the swimmer may release the padeye, and final bond is completed in 3 minutes. The novel padeye fastening device is then ready to support a load, such as an ordnance, a detector, or other similar device.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.