Ayers, Grover W. (Vinton, VA)
Zinnbauer, Gerald B. (Indianapolis, IN)

05/367917

09/24/1974

06/07/1973

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Eli Lilly and Company (Indianapolis, IN)

292/152

292/DIG.065, 70/63, 292/107

E05B65/52; E05B65/00; E05C19/10; E05B65/52

292/106,107,150,152,207,145,DIG.50,DIG.65 70/63 220/55L 206/1.5

1875037	Fastening means for bag frames	August 1932	Leberman
1878413	Fastening device for bags	September 1932	Leberman

Wolfe, Robert L.

Swenson, Houston Smith Everet L. F.

I claim

1. A safety fastener for a two-section container having a lid and base comprising:

2. A safety fastener for a two-section box in accordance with claim 1 in which said intermediate catch, in its caught position, has a first detent interlocked with a first cutout in one of said rails.

3. A safety fastener for a two-section box in accordance with claim 2 in which said slide is engaged with said rails by depending legs which grip said rails in a straddling relationship.

4. A safety fastener for a two-section box in accordance with claim 3 in which each of said legs has a foot positioned on the underneath side of said rail for sliding there along.

5. A safety fastener for a two-section box in accordance with claim 4 in which each of said legs is longer than said intermediate catch.

6. A safety fastener for a two-section box in accordance with claim 3 in which said intermediate catch has a second detent opposite said first detent for interlocking with a corresponding first cutout in the other of said rails.

7. A safety fastener for a two-section box in accordance with claim 4 in which each of said rails has an outer end abutment in alignment with said legs' feet for limiting movement of said slide along said rails.

8. A safety fastener for a two-section box in accordance with claim 1 in which said portion of said rails engaged with said slide in its locked position comprises overlapping ledges of said rails.

9. A safety fastener for a two-section box in accordance with claim 2 in which each of said rails has a second cutout intermediate said first cutout and its outer end adapted to receive said first detent of said slide and secure it in an unlocked position.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

For a considerable time efforts have been directed toward the design and efficient production of containers which will have locking or safety devices to deter opening of them by children. In particular, the pharmaceutical industry has had a need for containers that can be readily opened by adults but not opened easily by young children. A great number of designs have evolved which are directed toward providing safety closures for bottles. However there has still been a need for providing a safety closure design that can be used on other types of containers such as conventional plastic boxes having two sections which are normally hinged together for opening.

In the prior art designs have been produced for providing safety fasteners for purses which are hinged. Referring to the design disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 1,883,481, Baum, a fastener of a slide concept has been developed for securing one or both sections of a purse. In order to open the purse it is necessary to first depress the slide at one end to disengage it from a complementary section of the purse and then slide it toward one end of the purse, thereby moving it from both portions of the purse to one portion. It is apparent that although a fastening device requiring a number of elements may be suitable for purses it is not acceptable from an economical standpoint for adaptation on millions of inexpensive plastic boxes. Likewise, U.S. Pat. No. 2,006,268, Geiser et al., discloses a multi-piece slide fastener adapted for securing the handles of a purse together. Such slides as shown in the Baum and Geiser et al. patents, in addition to being expensive to produce, are also likely to fail to meet standards established for the pharmaceutical industry in packaging medicaments inasmuch as a child could readily operate these fasteners.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The safety closure of our invention can be molded from inexpensive plastic materials and, due to the integral nature of the safety slide, expenses in assembling the closure to a plastic box are held to a minimum. A conventional two-section container having a lid and base can be adapted by providing a pair of rails that extend from them and which are in alignment when the box is closed. A slide molded from plastic material is engaged on a portion of both of the rails in order to maintain the box in a locked position. This is achieved through the provision of a catch on the slide which can be placed in a caught position with at least one of the rails while the slide is overlapping both of the rails. In this caught position the slide cannot be moved along the rails. The slide has a resilient portion from which the catch depends and upon depressing this portion the catch is disengaged from its caught position, thereby permitting concurrent movement of the slide along the rails to an unlocked position where the slide engages only one of the rails. In this manner the two sections can be displaced from each other and the box opened. By providing sufficient strength in the slide and in particular in its resilient portion it has been determined that children below the age of 6 years old are generally unable to simultaneously depress the slide and move it along the container's rails.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1 is a front view in elevation of a container embodying the safety fastener of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the container in an opened position;

FIG. 3 is a partial top view of the container illustrating its pair of rails prior to attachment of the safety slide;

FIG. 4 is a partial end view in elevation of FIG. 3;

FIGS. 5 and 6 are partial top and end views respectively of a container bearing a safety slide;

FIG. 7 is a partial top view of a container bearing a safety slide positioned in an unlocked relationship therewith; and

FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of the safety slide.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The two-sectioned container 11 illustrated in the drawing may be formed from a plastic material or any other suitable material that enables the container to maintain rigidity. Thus the illustrated container has been formed from a conventional injection plastic molding technique and is comprised of a lid 13 and a base 14 which may be connected together at their rear by conventional plastic hinges. Although this container is of a rectangular form it will be apparent that it can take on other forms such as an eliptical or circular configuration without departing from the invention herein. With one exception this container may be of a conventional design. It is to be noted that at the front end of the container as shown in the drawing a pair of rails 16 and 17 are provided on the lid and base. The rails are of like configuration with each having a ledge portion 19 and a stepped portion 20. Each rail extends across a predetermined distance of the container whereby the two ledges 19 overlap each other. The height of each of the stepped portions 20 is such that it is flush with the ledge of the opposite container section, thereby causing the two rails to assume an aligned position when the container is closed (FIG. 3 and 4). In the illustrated embodiment the overlapping ledge portions 19 extend a distance such as to nearly abut the stepped portion 20 of the opposite rail in order to provide a surface that is substantially smooth.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 5, 7 and 8 an integral slide is provided for engagement with portions of one or both of the rails 16 and 17. Slide 23 is likewise formed of a plastic material or other suitable material and again can be formed in a single injection molding step. This slide (FIG. 8) comprises a front panel 24 and a pair of end panels 26. Depending from these panels are two pairs of legs 29 with each of these legs being of similar configuration and having a foot 30 extending therefrom (FIG. 8). The length of each of these feet is just slightly less than the depth of the recessed area 32 extending along each side of rails 16 and 17.

Depending from the front panel 24 of the slide are a pair of detents or catches 34 which are positioned intermediate of the end legs 29. As best shown in FIG. 5 these catches are shorter than the legs of the slide. Referring to FIG. 8 each catch 34 has a foot 35 that extends from it in a right angled fashion similar to feet 30 extending from legs 29. In FIG. 7 slide 23 is in an unlocked position and is consequently shown in a distorted form. This distortion is permitted by the provision of a resilient central portion in panel 24 from which catches 34 depend.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the overlapped portions 19 of the two rails each has a cutout or recess 38 which is located midway along its length. Each of these cutouts is of a rectangular configuration in order to snugly receive a foot 35 on the slide's catch elements 34. In addition to this pair of first cutouts appearing on the overlapping ledges 19 of the two rails two pairs of second cutouts 40 are positioned intermediate the first cutouts and the outer ends of the rails. These cutouts are also of a rectangular configuration for again securely receiving the feet 35 on catches 34. Outer end abutments 42 are provided on the ends of the rails to limit the movement and maintain the slide thereon.

Slide 23 may be formed of a flexible material thereby permitting its legs 29 and catches 34 to flex outwardly temporarily while the slide is being assembled in a straddling position over the rails. When the slide is so positioned it is to be noted that the underneath surface of its front panel 24 is spaced from the rails and is maintained in such a position by the cooperative effect of its end panels 26 and legs and catches with their corresponding feet extending into the recessed surfaces 32 on each rail. It thereby becomes extremely difficult to remove the slide from the rails since there is insufficient space to enable one to easily spread the legs outwardly for disengagement from the rails.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 slide 23 is in a locked position on the container. In this position the slide assumes an unstressed form with its catches 34 having their feet 35 interlocked with the first cutouts 38 on the two rails. Inasmuch as the catches 34 are on shorter length than the legs 29 of the slides the feet 35 are maintained in the cutouts and prevent the slides from moving either to the left or the right.

In order to open the container it is necessary that the slide be moved into a position whereby it engages only one of the two rails and in the particular embodiment is moved to a position where it straddles the stepped portion 20 of a single rail. This may be accomplished with one hand (adult) by gripping the box between the thumb and middle finger with the index finger placed on the front panel 24 of the slide. By pressing the spaced front panel toward the rails the catches 34 are moved inwardly as shown in FIG. 7 and consequently their respective feet are moved out of the first cutouts 38. At this point if pressure is released on the front panel the feet of the catches will resume their interlocked position with the cutouts as shown in FIG. 5. Thus it is apparent that pressure must be maintained on the front panel while simultaneously pushing the slide either to the left or right on the rail. The dotted arrows of FIG. 7 depict the two concurrent forces of depressment and sliding to the right (or left) required to move the slide out of its locked position.

In the illustration of FIG. 7 the slide has been depressed and simultaneously moved toward the right. It has not completed the full distance it is permitted to travel until it reaches the end abutment 42. As the slide of FIG. 7 is moved a slight distance more toward the right the feet 35 of the catches 34 will drop into the second cutouts 40 on a rail. With the slide fully moved toward the right and straddling only stepped portion 20 of a single rail 17 the container is in an unlocked position and may be opened as shown in FIG. 2. It is to be noted that as the slide is moved from its locked position in FIG. 5 to an unlocked position that the feet 30 on the left pair of legs 29 will pass over the first cutouts 38. It may therefore be desirable in order for assured smooth movement that the width of these feet 30 be greater than the width of the first cutouts 38 in order that these feet do not hang up in the cutouts. However, the strained condition of the slide caused by the riding of the shorter catches 34 and their feet 35 (FIG. 7) will normally prevent feet 30 from tending to hang up in cut-outs 38.

With the slide in either a fully extended left or a right unlocked position and gripping only a single rail the method of locking the container is as follows. The lid and bottom are closed and the box is gripped again between the fingers and thumb of the hand with the index finger pressing against the front panel 24 of the slide. As pressure is applied the catches disengage from cutouts 40 on the single rail 17 thereby enabling the slide to be simultaneously moved toward the central or locked position of FIG. 5. During such movement the slide is again in a cocked position as shown in FIG. 7. The shorter catches 34 ride along the rails and further assist in assuring that the feet of legs 29 do not enter a cutout. Thus the catch may be returned to a locked position which comprises straddling the overlapping ledges of the two rails.

Another feature of this safety fastener is that its components on the two box sections are identical. Therefore, if the box has hinges of the ball and socket type, such as in U.S. Pat. No. 2,570,341, Hake, a single mold cavity can be used for both the lid and base sections. To obtain three sizes of boxes which differ in depth, one need only employ two mold cavities of different depths.