INCINERATING FURNACE FOR FLUID AND SLUDGED REFUSE
United States Patent 3822653
The present invention relates to an incinerating furnace for burning or incinerating liquid or sludged refuse and waste in which the materials to be incinerated are introduced or injected through the burners or injectors. The furnace comprises at least a vertical combustion chamber and a number of burners mounted in the upper part of said vertical combustion chamber, said burners being arranged in spaced relationship to one another and having their injection or flame axis inclined downwardly and directed substantially onto a common point on the central axis of the combustion chamber, and further comprising an outlet chamber at the lower end of said combustion chamber.
US Patent References:
COUNTER-FLOW SLUDGE BURNER
Hanway, Jr. - June 1973 - 3738289
N/A
Engle - October 1972 - 3697256
SEWAGE MUD SLUDGE DRYING AND INCINERATING INSTALLATION
Maille - December 1971 - 3628473
SEWAGE SLUDGE INCINERATOR
Zanft - February 1971 - 3563187
ROTARY INCINERATOR WITH SPINNING CUP BURNER
Ostrin - May 1970 - 3513788
COUNTER-FLOW SLUDGE BURNER
Hanway, Jr. - June 1973 - 3738289
N/A
Engle - October 1972 - 3697256
SEWAGE MUD SLUDGE DRYING AND INCINERATING INSTALLATION
Maille - December 1971 - 3628473
SEWAGE SLUDGE INCINERATOR
Zanft - February 1971 - 3563187
ROTARY INCINERATOR WITH SPINNING CUP BURNER
Ostrin - May 1970 - 3513788
Application Number:
05/321986
Publication Date:
07/09/1974
Filing Date:
01/08/1973
Export Citation:
Primary Class:
Other Classes:
110/244
International Classes:
F23G5/16; F23G7/00; F23G5/12
Field of Search:
110/7R,7S,8R,8C
View Patent Images:
Primary Examiner:
Sprague, Kenneth W.
Claims:
What is claimed is
1. An incinerating furnace for fluid and sludged refuse comprising at least a vertical combustion chamber and a number of burners mounted in the upper part of said vertical combustion chamber, said burners being arranged in spaced relationship to one another and having their injection or flame axis inclined downwardly and directed substantially onto a common point on the central axis of the combustion chamber, there being provided a further sludge burner or injector mounted at the center of the top of the furnace and directed along the central axis of the combustion chamber, and further comprising an outlet chamber at the lower end of said combustion chamber.
2. A furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein said combustion chamber has a cylindrical vertical wall and conically inclined bottom with a central opening leading into said outlet chamber.
3. A furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first mentioned burners are arranged into the top of the furnace at substantially equal radial distances from the central axis of the combustion chamber and angularly spaced, the axis of the burners being inclined and directed to a point at the lower end on the central axis of the combustion chamber.
4. A furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein the diameter of said central bottom opening is smaller than the diameter of the combustion chamber.
5. A furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein said outlet chamber is a substantially horizontal post-combustion chamber, said chamber being provided with vertical partition walls having holes therein for the passage of the combustion products.
6. A furnace as claimed in claim 5, wherein said walls are mounted for periodical removal from the chamber.
1. An incinerating furnace for fluid and sludged refuse comprising at least a vertical combustion chamber and a number of burners mounted in the upper part of said vertical combustion chamber, said burners being arranged in spaced relationship to one another and having their injection or flame axis inclined downwardly and directed substantially onto a common point on the central axis of the combustion chamber, there being provided a further sludge burner or injector mounted at the center of the top of the furnace and directed along the central axis of the combustion chamber, and further comprising an outlet chamber at the lower end of said combustion chamber.
2. A furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein said combustion chamber has a cylindrical vertical wall and conically inclined bottom with a central opening leading into said outlet chamber.
3. A furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first mentioned burners are arranged into the top of the furnace at substantially equal radial distances from the central axis of the combustion chamber and angularly spaced, the axis of the burners being inclined and directed to a point at the lower end on the central axis of the combustion chamber.
4. A furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein the diameter of said central bottom opening is smaller than the diameter of the combustion chamber.
5. A furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein said outlet chamber is a substantially horizontal post-combustion chamber, said chamber being provided with vertical partition walls having holes therein for the passage of the combustion products.
6. A furnace as claimed in claim 5, wherein said walls are mounted for periodical removal from the chamber.
Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an incinerating furnace for burning or incinerating liquid or sludged refuse and waste. The materials to be incinerated are introduced directly through the burners producing their flames by the use of liquid or gaseous fuel. In the furnace known and used up to now the materials are usually introduced in a substantially horizontal combustion chamber through burners of the type mentioned hereinabove. All these known furnaces have the disadvantages of not completely incinerating the materials and of leaving displeasing odors.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and useful furnace permitting a complete or at least nearly complete combustion or incineration of the materials fed to the flame.
The incinerating furnace for fluid and sludged refuse of the invention comprises at least a vertical combustion chamber and a number of burners mounted in the upper part of said vertical combustion chamber, said burners being arranged in spaced relationship to one another and having their injection or flame axis inclined downwardly and directed substantially onto a common point on the central axis of the combustion chamber, and further comprising an outlet chamber at the lower end of said combustion chamber.
The combustion chamber has preferrably a cylindrical vertical wall with a conically inclined bottom having a central opening leading into a substantially horizontal post-combustion chamber, said chamber being provided with vertical walls having holes therein for the passage of the combustion products. The partition walls are working as catalyzers. The post combustion chamber is preferrably equipped with further burners.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A preferred embodiment of the invention will hereinafter be described in more detail and with reference to the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a furnace in accordance with the invention, and
FIG. 2 a cross section along line I--I of the furnace of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The incinerating furnace of FIG. 1 comprises a cylindrical wall 1 with a top 2. Three or more burners and injectors 3 are mounted at equal radial distances from the central axis of the furnace on the inclined parts of the top 2. One or more burners 5 are mounted on the flat portion 4 of the top, substantially alined on the central axis of the furnace.
The lower part of the cylindrical wall 1 is provided with an inclined bottom 6 having a central passage 7. The cylindrical wall 1, the top with portions 2 and 4 and the bottom 6 are forming the combustion chamber 8.
The central passage 7 leads into a post combustion chamber 9, comprising a bottom 10, side walls 11, a front wall 12 and a top 13. The top 13 is provided with openings 13' through which partition walls 14 provided with holes 15 on their surfaces are slidably mounted in the chamber 9. The walls 14 are mounted on wires 16 and they may be pulled out of the chamber 9 by means of reels 17 for being periodically cleaned and surveyed.
A post combustion burner 18 is mounted in the front wall 12. The post combustion chamber 9 has a conically inclined end wall 19 with a central passage 20 leading to the atmosphere. Doors 21 for cleaning purposes are provided on the level of the bottom 10.
In the described embodiment the burners 3 are inclined and directed substantially on a common point in the center of the passage 7. The fluid or sludged refuse to be incinerated are fed through the burner 5 arranged in the center of the top 4 and directed along the central axis of the chamber 8 and the passage 7.
During operation of the furnace the radially arranged burners 3 are burning liquid or gaseous fuel and are producing a flame forming a hollow cone with the top substantially in the center of the passage 7. The center zone of the combustion chamber 8 is practically free of flame but is at a very high temperature.
The burner or injector 5 mounted in the center of the top is injecting liquid refuse, mixed with fuel if desired, into the center of the flame cone in the direction of the central passage 7.
Thus the liquid and sludged refuse must automatically and in any case pass through a zone of high temperature where it is vaporized and eventually burnt and incinerated. All solid particles fall on the bottom 10 of the post combustion chamber. The wall of the combustion chamber is not affected by the residual materials.
The central passage 7 is practically always filled with the flames and the injector 5 is feeding the fluid and sludged refuse in such a manner that the first stage of the cracking of all uncombusted organic and inorganic refuse is realized.
The burner 5 for fluid and sludged refuse is fed with fuel oil by means of a pump of known type (not shown) to produce a basic flame. A predetermined volume of refuse is fed by another pump (not shown) through the same injector. The burner 5 is preferrably working with a constant outfeed of material.
The burners 3 are automatically controlled to produce a temperature in the combustion chamber sufficient to burn and incinerate the fluid or sludged refuse.
The combustion gas of the flames are passing through passage 7 into the post combustion chamber 9, then through the holes 15 of the vertical walls 14 into a last chamber 24, from which they are flowing through the passage 20 into the chimney, or a filter, a heat exchanger for further treatment (for example a chemical treatment of the combustion gas).
The walls 14 with holes 15 are provided for equally distributing the homogenizing the combustion gas. They thereby avoid the formation of great mass and velocity of the gas. The walls act as catalytic filters, as the whole mass of the gas must pass through the small holes, thereby loosing velocity. Possible solid particles are deposited whilst all other particles are brought in turbulence and their oxidation is facilitated. These walls 14 shall therefore eliminate remaining odors by cracking, particularly the derivates of the incineration of organic and inorganic chemical or industrial refuses.
The burners 22 and 23 (in chamber 24) are provided for maintaining the required temperature which may vary with the kind of refuse to be incinerated.
The cleaning and control doors 21 serve for removing ashes and other molten and calcinated sediments from the bottom 10.
It should be understood that the fluid and sludged refuse to be incinerated could also be injected through the burners 3 into the combustion chamber 9 .
The present invention relates to an incinerating furnace for burning or incinerating liquid or sludged refuse and waste. The materials to be incinerated are introduced directly through the burners producing their flames by the use of liquid or gaseous fuel. In the furnace known and used up to now the materials are usually introduced in a substantially horizontal combustion chamber through burners of the type mentioned hereinabove. All these known furnaces have the disadvantages of not completely incinerating the materials and of leaving displeasing odors.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and useful furnace permitting a complete or at least nearly complete combustion or incineration of the materials fed to the flame.
The incinerating furnace for fluid and sludged refuse of the invention comprises at least a vertical combustion chamber and a number of burners mounted in the upper part of said vertical combustion chamber, said burners being arranged in spaced relationship to one another and having their injection or flame axis inclined downwardly and directed substantially onto a common point on the central axis of the combustion chamber, and further comprising an outlet chamber at the lower end of said combustion chamber.
The combustion chamber has preferrably a cylindrical vertical wall with a conically inclined bottom having a central opening leading into a substantially horizontal post-combustion chamber, said chamber being provided with vertical walls having holes therein for the passage of the combustion products. The partition walls are working as catalyzers. The post combustion chamber is preferrably equipped with further burners.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A preferred embodiment of the invention will hereinafter be described in more detail and with reference to the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a furnace in accordance with the invention, and
FIG. 2 a cross section along line I--I of the furnace of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The incinerating furnace of FIG. 1 comprises a cylindrical wall 1 with a top 2. Three or more burners and injectors 3 are mounted at equal radial distances from the central axis of the furnace on the inclined parts of the top 2. One or more burners 5 are mounted on the flat portion 4 of the top, substantially alined on the central axis of the furnace.
The lower part of the cylindrical wall 1 is provided with an inclined bottom 6 having a central passage 7. The cylindrical wall 1, the top with portions 2 and 4 and the bottom 6 are forming the combustion chamber 8.
The central passage 7 leads into a post combustion chamber 9, comprising a bottom 10, side walls 11, a front wall 12 and a top 13. The top 13 is provided with openings 13' through which partition walls 14 provided with holes 15 on their surfaces are slidably mounted in the chamber 9. The walls 14 are mounted on wires 16 and they may be pulled out of the chamber 9 by means of reels 17 for being periodically cleaned and surveyed.
A post combustion burner 18 is mounted in the front wall 12. The post combustion chamber 9 has a conically inclined end wall 19 with a central passage 20 leading to the atmosphere. Doors 21 for cleaning purposes are provided on the level of the bottom 10.
In the described embodiment the burners 3 are inclined and directed substantially on a common point in the center of the passage 7. The fluid or sludged refuse to be incinerated are fed through the burner 5 arranged in the center of the top 4 and directed along the central axis of the chamber 8 and the passage 7.
During operation of the furnace the radially arranged burners 3 are burning liquid or gaseous fuel and are producing a flame forming a hollow cone with the top substantially in the center of the passage 7. The center zone of the combustion chamber 8 is practically free of flame but is at a very high temperature.
The burner or injector 5 mounted in the center of the top is injecting liquid refuse, mixed with fuel if desired, into the center of the flame cone in the direction of the central passage 7.
Thus the liquid and sludged refuse must automatically and in any case pass through a zone of high temperature where it is vaporized and eventually burnt and incinerated. All solid particles fall on the bottom 10 of the post combustion chamber. The wall of the combustion chamber is not affected by the residual materials.
The central passage 7 is practically always filled with the flames and the injector 5 is feeding the fluid and sludged refuse in such a manner that the first stage of the cracking of all uncombusted organic and inorganic refuse is realized.
The burner 5 for fluid and sludged refuse is fed with fuel oil by means of a pump of known type (not shown) to produce a basic flame. A predetermined volume of refuse is fed by another pump (not shown) through the same injector. The burner 5 is preferrably working with a constant outfeed of material.
The burners 3 are automatically controlled to produce a temperature in the combustion chamber sufficient to burn and incinerate the fluid or sludged refuse.
The combustion gas of the flames are passing through passage 7 into the post combustion chamber 9, then through the holes 15 of the vertical walls 14 into a last chamber 24, from which they are flowing through the passage 20 into the chimney, or a filter, a heat exchanger for further treatment (for example a chemical treatment of the combustion gas).
The walls 14 with holes 15 are provided for equally distributing the homogenizing the combustion gas. They thereby avoid the formation of great mass and velocity of the gas. The walls act as catalytic filters, as the whole mass of the gas must pass through the small holes, thereby loosing velocity. Possible solid particles are deposited whilst all other particles are brought in turbulence and their oxidation is facilitated. These walls 14 shall therefore eliminate remaining odors by cracking, particularly the derivates of the incineration of organic and inorganic chemical or industrial refuses.
The burners 22 and 23 (in chamber 24) are provided for maintaining the required temperature which may vary with the kind of refuse to be incinerated.
The cleaning and control doors 21 serve for removing ashes and other molten and calcinated sediments from the bottom 10.
It should be understood that the fluid and sludged refuse to be incinerated could also be injected through the burners 3 into the combustion chamber 9 .