GAS FUELED SINGEING BURNER FOR FLAT TEXTILES
United States Patent 3721517
A gas fueled singeing burner for singeing treatment of flat textiles having an elongated burner body, preferably of extruded aluminum in two sections which are bolted together, a gas chamber in the body, longitudinally extending burner slits formed by two parallel straight line openings in communication with the gas chamber via a longitudinal gap whose width is equal to the distance between the burner slits and on which is fitted an elongated distributor strip having indented upper portions forming the burner slits. Tightening of the body sections also tightens the distributor slits. Cooling passageways may be provided above the gas chamber and on each side of the distributor refractory, bricks may be bolted to the top on each side of the flame from the slits.
US Patent References:
Internal gas burner and removable liner members
Coriolis et al. - February 1951 - 2543688
Singeing burner
Kelly et al. - November 1943 - 2333381
Radiant gas burners
Fitzgerald - June 1964 - 3136354
Internal gas burner and removable liner members
Coriolis et al. - February 1951 - 2543688
Singeing burner
Kelly et al. - November 1943 - 2333381
Radiant gas burners
Fitzgerald - June 1964 - 3136354
Application Number:
05/142722
Publication Date:
03/20/1973
Filing Date:
05/12/1971
View Patent Images:
Export Citation:
Primary Class:
Other Classes:
432/8
International Classes:
D06C9/02; D06C9/00; F23D15/00
Field of Search:
263/3 431/353
Primary Examiner:
Camby, John J.
Claims:
I claim
1. A gas fueled singeing burner for the singeing treatment of flat textiles comprising:
2. A burner unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spacing between the parallel openings of said burner slit is close enough to provide a common flame cone.
3. A burner unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said burner body is formed of extruded aluminum parts held together by bolt means.
4. A burner unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the underside of said distributor strip is supported by ribs formed at inner wall portions of said wall sections and said bolt means for holding the burner parts likewise secures and tightens said distributor strip in engagement with inner walls of the extruded parts.
5. A burner unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein adjustable closing elements are provided.
6. A burner unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein refractory bricks are bolted over the top of said burner body to provide a space between the bricks through which the upper and hotter part of the flame from said burner slits emerges and in which insulation is provided between said refractory bricks and said burner body.
7. A burner unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein said burner body is provided below the top thereof with water cooling passageways on each side of said longitudinal gap and above said chamber.
8. A burner unit as claimed in claim 5, wherein lock bodies are located in the combustion chambers and wherein operating lever means are provided to move the lock bodies from a sealing position at one end of the burner unit to a withdrawn position at the other end.
9. A burner unit as claimed in claim 8, wherein each of the lock bodies is provided with longitudinal openings and peg means are inserted between adjacent lock bodies, the peg means including closing plug means which can serve to close off part of the gas supply from the chamber to the burner slits.
1. A gas fueled singeing burner for the singeing treatment of flat textiles comprising:
2. A burner unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spacing between the parallel openings of said burner slit is close enough to provide a common flame cone.
3. A burner unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said burner body is formed of extruded aluminum parts held together by bolt means.
4. A burner unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein the underside of said distributor strip is supported by ribs formed at inner wall portions of said wall sections and said bolt means for holding the burner parts likewise secures and tightens said distributor strip in engagement with inner walls of the extruded parts.
5. A burner unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein adjustable closing elements are provided.
6. A burner unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein refractory bricks are bolted over the top of said burner body to provide a space between the bricks through which the upper and hotter part of the flame from said burner slits emerges and in which insulation is provided between said refractory bricks and said burner body.
7. A burner unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein said burner body is provided below the top thereof with water cooling passageways on each side of said longitudinal gap and above said chamber.
8. A burner unit as claimed in claim 5, wherein lock bodies are located in the combustion chambers and wherein operating lever means are provided to move the lock bodies from a sealing position at one end of the burner unit to a withdrawn position at the other end.
9. A burner unit as claimed in claim 8, wherein each of the lock bodies is provided with longitudinal openings and peg means are inserted between adjacent lock bodies, the peg means including closing plug means which can serve to close off part of the gas supply from the chamber to the burner slits.
Description:
The invention relates to a gas fueled singeing burner for the singeing treatment of flat textiles, and more particularly to a burner unit having a longitudinal burning chamber which has adjustable longitudinal parallel slits for the singeing flame, and which slits are connected via a slotted opening to a chamber to supply the gas mixture from a burner body.
Burner units such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 1,768,662 and U.S. Pat. No. 2,410,542, are known for use in the singeing of protruding fibers from flat textiles which are conducted at high speed past the exit slit of the singeing flames of the burner unit. In U.S. Pat. No. 2,410,542 cumbersome water cooling is used to cool the burner body in order to prevent deterioration of the body. The flame emerging from the slit, e.g., hot combustion gases, creates a singeing effect depending on their temperature and prior efforts to maintain a very hot flame have been difficult when water cooling is used. A textile web can be guided past the singeing flame slit more rapidly in the case of higher temperatures to achieve the desired singeing effect with an increased output per unit of time. In the case of these known gas singeing machines, where the burner body is made of cast iron and is cast with a slotted burner aperture leading into the combustion chamber, a maximum operating temperature can be achieved for a given gas mixture and quantity of gas, which seriously limits the output of the machine and even with cooling the output is limited.
The object of the invention is to increase the output of known cast iron burner units by increasing the effective flame temperature, or, in other words, by lowering the energy requirement, with reference to the surface of the fabric web to be treated, and to provide an extremely even singeing effect which is ensured across the entire width of the web at the highest temperature.
The burner unit of the invention provides greatly improved performance and can be made at lower construction costs, yet has improved resistance to corrosion because of the use of a high flame and the use of extruded aluminum whose top may be protected with refractory brick. The high flame is particularly stable with regard to outside influences and with regard to mechanical and thermal effects in the burner body which are caused by the expansion of the combustion gas flowing into the enlarged combustion chamber, or by the accummulation deceleration or stagnation of the flame and of the combustion gases developed at the web of the fabric being treated.
According to the invention the burner unit provides a supply aperture for the combustion gas mixture from the gas chamber into a burning zone which consists of two straight line parallel continuous burner slits, and the distance of the two burner slits is so selected in that a common flame cone from a single gas chamber will develop at the combustion zone. As my practical investigations have shown, there is achieved a considerably higher temperature at the slit for the singeing flame through this measure while using the same type of gas mixture and the quantity of gas. This can be explained by the fact that with the unique distributor of the invention the flame cone is wider but lower, and thereby requires a smaller and lower combustion chamber than with the conventional burner, as a result of which the heat losses via the construction elements forming the combustion chamber are considerably decreased By feeding the flame cone via two parallel burner slits according to the invention, there will be an exceedingly even flame cone over the entire length of the combustion chamber, as a result of which an even singeing effect will be ensured across the entire width of the textile web.
According to a preferred embodiment, the burner body is made of extruded heat-resistant aluminum. In view of the high temperatures reached in the combustion chamber, which theoretically may be in the area of about 1,950°C, and in view of the heat resistance of aluminum material, which in comparison to cast iron is low, one would expect to encounter thermal wear of the burner body. In the case of cast iron burner bodies, adjustment of the width of the burner slit compensates for changes in the width of the burner slit caused by aging or corrosion. Practical experiments, however, have shown that in the case of aluminum extruded profiled shapes one can keep the temperature of the burner body very low by suitably arranging cooling water channels adjacent the burner slits, so that even in continuous operation no traces of melting and no waste through fire or corrosion will occur at the burner slits. From the point of view of design and manufacturing, the present construction has the very great advantage in ensuring that adjustment will also be provided for the width of the burner slits.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the burner body has a longitudinal gap of a width which is approximately equal to the distance between the two burner slits, and in this longitudinal gap a novel distributor strip for the distribution of the gas mixture is disposed in such manner that on the side of the chamber which is somewhat narrower than the longitudinal gap, there is provided means for the formation of the two burner slits and these slits are provided with bores to connect the gas chamber for incoming gas mixture to the two burner slits. The distributor strip for distribution of the mixture likewise consists of extruded aluminum as material. To ensure the support of the strip for distributing the gas mixture in the burner body, there are provided support ribs for the rear end of the strip at the walls of the longitudinal gap of the burner body and the burner body wall sections are joined by several tightening screws connecting the main walls of the burner body. These tightening screws also tighten the distributing strip. The distributing strip is thus securely attached to the burner body, but easily replaced, so that, in case for example a narrower or a wider burner slit should be required in a special case of use they can easily be exchanged for another strip.
According to the invention, this novel burner unit may also be used for the drying of wet flat textiles by direct contact of the flame.
The invention will be explained in more detail and as shown in the drawing in which:
FIG. 1 shows in top view a burner body for a gas fueled singeing burner, whereby the construction elements constituting the combustion chamber are shown at the left;
FIG. 2 shows a side view partially in longitudinal section of the burner body and the combustion chamber;
FIG. 3 shows a cross section according to line III--III in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 4 shows a cross section according to line IV--IV in FIG. 1.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in cross section, an approximately rectangular heat-resistant burner body 1, which is produced by an extrusion process, comprises two mating profiled wall sections 1a and 1b and these sections come together at the top to form a longitudinal gap 2. Within the burner body and below gap 2 there is provided a chamber 3 for the gas mixture consumed by the burner and on the right and left on each side of gap 2, two channels 4, 5 are formed within the body 1 for the passage of cooling water to keep chamber 3 from overheating.
The ends of the burner body 1 are covered by flanges 6, 7 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The supply line 8 feeds the gas mixture into the burner through flange 7 to the lower part of burner body 1 and from there through a longitudinal damming gap 1c and then through a fine mesh screen, which serves as filter 9 holding back any dirt from the line. The upper part of the burner body is fed by lines 10 for the cooling water which passes around flange 6 and joins the cooling water channels 4, 5 shortly behind and laterally away from these channels to thereby prevent overheating of the gas chamber 3.
A distributor strip 11 for distribution of the gas mixture is inserted into the longitudinal gap 2 of the burner body 1, and this strip 11 rests at its lower end on support ribs 12 which are formed along the inner walls of the longitudinal gap 2. This distributor strip 11 is tightly clamped in the longitudinal gap 2 by means of several tightening screws 14, whose primary purpose is to connect the two main wall sections 1a and 1b of the burner body 1. Distributor strip 11 is provided at its underside with a longitudinal groove 13 to impart deformability to the strip and this permits the strip 11 to be compressed elastically in the gap area, as a result of which strip 11 will, with absolute certainty, always be tight to precisely fit in the longitudinal gap 2 even under conditions of buckling and warping of the burner body.
The distributor strip 11 for distribution of the gas mixture between chamber 3 and the outlet 15 is made somewhat narrower than gap 2 at its side facing away from the mixing space 4, so that both sides of the strip serve as channels for distribution of the gas mixture into the narrow burner slits 15 and 16. Respectively at the outlet burner, the slits 15, 16 are connected at their rear by means of longitudinal grooves 17 and 18 which are developed at the lateral surfaces of distributor strip 11. These grooves 17 and 18 are connected via transverse bores 19 and longitudinal blind bores 20 to the chamber 3 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
The two burner slits 15 and 16 lead into a common combustion space comprising two chambers 21a and 21b, (see FIGS. 2 and 4). The common combustion space is limited in the lateral direction by means of refractory ramp bricks 22 and 23, which are firmly screwed to burner body 1 and shielded therefrom by the interposition of a heat insulating sheath 24. In chamber 21a, as compared to known embodiments, the zone of the flame is considerably lower and the flame starts in the lower zone and then extends beyond the constriction to effect a stabilization of the flame, which prevents the flame from being extinguished in the main combustion chamber 21b. A ribbon of flame penetrates from chamber 21b through singeing slit 25 and projects beyond the burner to the outside so as to impinge against a textile web 26 which is conducted past the singeing slit 25 at a rate so that protruding fibers from the web are singed.
FIGS. 2 and 4 illustrate means for the adjustment of the effective length of combustion chambers 21a, 21b, as well as of slit 25, for the singeing flames so that the burner is precisely adapted to the width of each textile web to be treated. The adjustment means comprises several lock bodies 27 and 28 which are located in the gas chamber 3 and which can be moved relative to each other, the burner from the outside by means of an operating lever 29 which presses against distributor strip 11, so that the movement of strip 11 will close a group of blind longitudinal bores 20 from mixture chamber 3, or may close a corresponding longitudinal section of combustion chamber 21a, 21b to cut off the supply of the gas mixture. FIG. 2 shows the lock body 27 in its sealing position which is disposed at the left end of the burner body, while the lock body 28 adjoining toward the inside is in its withdrawn position and leaves the longitudinal bores 20 open. A peg 30 is inserted in one of the transverse bores 19 each time at the point of transition of the two closing bodies, and a closing plug 31 is inserted into groove 13 of distributor strip 11 so that peg 30 and closing plug 31 subdivide the longitudinal grooves 13, 17 and 18 of strip 11 into sections which correspond to the length of closing bodies 27, 28.
Burner units such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 1,768,662 and U.S. Pat. No. 2,410,542, are known for use in the singeing of protruding fibers from flat textiles which are conducted at high speed past the exit slit of the singeing flames of the burner unit. In U.S. Pat. No. 2,410,542 cumbersome water cooling is used to cool the burner body in order to prevent deterioration of the body. The flame emerging from the slit, e.g., hot combustion gases, creates a singeing effect depending on their temperature and prior efforts to maintain a very hot flame have been difficult when water cooling is used. A textile web can be guided past the singeing flame slit more rapidly in the case of higher temperatures to achieve the desired singeing effect with an increased output per unit of time. In the case of these known gas singeing machines, where the burner body is made of cast iron and is cast with a slotted burner aperture leading into the combustion chamber, a maximum operating temperature can be achieved for a given gas mixture and quantity of gas, which seriously limits the output of the machine and even with cooling the output is limited.
The object of the invention is to increase the output of known cast iron burner units by increasing the effective flame temperature, or, in other words, by lowering the energy requirement, with reference to the surface of the fabric web to be treated, and to provide an extremely even singeing effect which is ensured across the entire width of the web at the highest temperature.
The burner unit of the invention provides greatly improved performance and can be made at lower construction costs, yet has improved resistance to corrosion because of the use of a high flame and the use of extruded aluminum whose top may be protected with refractory brick. The high flame is particularly stable with regard to outside influences and with regard to mechanical and thermal effects in the burner body which are caused by the expansion of the combustion gas flowing into the enlarged combustion chamber, or by the accummulation deceleration or stagnation of the flame and of the combustion gases developed at the web of the fabric being treated.
According to the invention the burner unit provides a supply aperture for the combustion gas mixture from the gas chamber into a burning zone which consists of two straight line parallel continuous burner slits, and the distance of the two burner slits is so selected in that a common flame cone from a single gas chamber will develop at the combustion zone. As my practical investigations have shown, there is achieved a considerably higher temperature at the slit for the singeing flame through this measure while using the same type of gas mixture and the quantity of gas. This can be explained by the fact that with the unique distributor of the invention the flame cone is wider but lower, and thereby requires a smaller and lower combustion chamber than with the conventional burner, as a result of which the heat losses via the construction elements forming the combustion chamber are considerably decreased By feeding the flame cone via two parallel burner slits according to the invention, there will be an exceedingly even flame cone over the entire length of the combustion chamber, as a result of which an even singeing effect will be ensured across the entire width of the textile web.
According to a preferred embodiment, the burner body is made of extruded heat-resistant aluminum. In view of the high temperatures reached in the combustion chamber, which theoretically may be in the area of about 1,950°C, and in view of the heat resistance of aluminum material, which in comparison to cast iron is low, one would expect to encounter thermal wear of the burner body. In the case of cast iron burner bodies, adjustment of the width of the burner slit compensates for changes in the width of the burner slit caused by aging or corrosion. Practical experiments, however, have shown that in the case of aluminum extruded profiled shapes one can keep the temperature of the burner body very low by suitably arranging cooling water channels adjacent the burner slits, so that even in continuous operation no traces of melting and no waste through fire or corrosion will occur at the burner slits. From the point of view of design and manufacturing, the present construction has the very great advantage in ensuring that adjustment will also be provided for the width of the burner slits.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the burner body has a longitudinal gap of a width which is approximately equal to the distance between the two burner slits, and in this longitudinal gap a novel distributor strip for the distribution of the gas mixture is disposed in such manner that on the side of the chamber which is somewhat narrower than the longitudinal gap, there is provided means for the formation of the two burner slits and these slits are provided with bores to connect the gas chamber for incoming gas mixture to the two burner slits. The distributor strip for distribution of the mixture likewise consists of extruded aluminum as material. To ensure the support of the strip for distributing the gas mixture in the burner body, there are provided support ribs for the rear end of the strip at the walls of the longitudinal gap of the burner body and the burner body wall sections are joined by several tightening screws connecting the main walls of the burner body. These tightening screws also tighten the distributing strip. The distributing strip is thus securely attached to the burner body, but easily replaced, so that, in case for example a narrower or a wider burner slit should be required in a special case of use they can easily be exchanged for another strip.
According to the invention, this novel burner unit may also be used for the drying of wet flat textiles by direct contact of the flame.
The invention will be explained in more detail and as shown in the drawing in which:
FIG. 1 shows in top view a burner body for a gas fueled singeing burner, whereby the construction elements constituting the combustion chamber are shown at the left;
FIG. 2 shows a side view partially in longitudinal section of the burner body and the combustion chamber;
FIG. 3 shows a cross section according to line III--III in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 4 shows a cross section according to line IV--IV in FIG. 1.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in cross section, an approximately rectangular heat-resistant burner body 1, which is produced by an extrusion process, comprises two mating profiled wall sections 1a and 1b and these sections come together at the top to form a longitudinal gap 2. Within the burner body and below gap 2 there is provided a chamber 3 for the gas mixture consumed by the burner and on the right and left on each side of gap 2, two channels 4, 5 are formed within the body 1 for the passage of cooling water to keep chamber 3 from overheating.
The ends of the burner body 1 are covered by flanges 6, 7 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The supply line 8 feeds the gas mixture into the burner through flange 7 to the lower part of burner body 1 and from there through a longitudinal damming gap 1c and then through a fine mesh screen, which serves as filter 9 holding back any dirt from the line. The upper part of the burner body is fed by lines 10 for the cooling water which passes around flange 6 and joins the cooling water channels 4, 5 shortly behind and laterally away from these channels to thereby prevent overheating of the gas chamber 3.
A distributor strip 11 for distribution of the gas mixture is inserted into the longitudinal gap 2 of the burner body 1, and this strip 11 rests at its lower end on support ribs 12 which are formed along the inner walls of the longitudinal gap 2. This distributor strip 11 is tightly clamped in the longitudinal gap 2 by means of several tightening screws 14, whose primary purpose is to connect the two main wall sections 1a and 1b of the burner body 1. Distributor strip 11 is provided at its underside with a longitudinal groove 13 to impart deformability to the strip and this permits the strip 11 to be compressed elastically in the gap area, as a result of which strip 11 will, with absolute certainty, always be tight to precisely fit in the longitudinal gap 2 even under conditions of buckling and warping of the burner body.
The distributor strip 11 for distribution of the gas mixture between chamber 3 and the outlet 15 is made somewhat narrower than gap 2 at its side facing away from the mixing space 4, so that both sides of the strip serve as channels for distribution of the gas mixture into the narrow burner slits 15 and 16. Respectively at the outlet burner, the slits 15, 16 are connected at their rear by means of longitudinal grooves 17 and 18 which are developed at the lateral surfaces of distributor strip 11. These grooves 17 and 18 are connected via transverse bores 19 and longitudinal blind bores 20 to the chamber 3 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
The two burner slits 15 and 16 lead into a common combustion space comprising two chambers 21a and 21b, (see FIGS. 2 and 4). The common combustion space is limited in the lateral direction by means of refractory ramp bricks 22 and 23, which are firmly screwed to burner body 1 and shielded therefrom by the interposition of a heat insulating sheath 24. In chamber 21a, as compared to known embodiments, the zone of the flame is considerably lower and the flame starts in the lower zone and then extends beyond the constriction to effect a stabilization of the flame, which prevents the flame from being extinguished in the main combustion chamber 21b. A ribbon of flame penetrates from chamber 21b through singeing slit 25 and projects beyond the burner to the outside so as to impinge against a textile web 26 which is conducted past the singeing slit 25 at a rate so that protruding fibers from the web are singed.
FIGS. 2 and 4 illustrate means for the adjustment of the effective length of combustion chambers 21a, 21b, as well as of slit 25, for the singeing flames so that the burner is precisely adapted to the width of each textile web to be treated. The adjustment means comprises several lock bodies 27 and 28 which are located in the gas chamber 3 and which can be moved relative to each other, the burner from the outside by means of an operating lever 29 which presses against distributor strip 11, so that the movement of strip 11 will close a group of blind longitudinal bores 20 from mixture chamber 3, or may close a corresponding longitudinal section of combustion chamber 21a, 21b to cut off the supply of the gas mixture. FIG. 2 shows the lock body 27 in its sealing position which is disposed at the left end of the burner body, while the lock body 28 adjoining toward the inside is in its withdrawn position and leaves the longitudinal bores 20 open. A peg 30 is inserted in one of the transverse bores 19 each time at the point of transition of the two closing bodies, and a closing plug 31 is inserted into groove 13 of distributor strip 11 so that peg 30 and closing plug 31 subdivide the longitudinal grooves 13, 17 and 18 of strip 11 into sections which correspond to the length of closing bodies 27, 28.