EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DEMOLITION WEAPON
United States Patent 3695141
A weapon for firing a ballistic disc at an explosive ordnance device for abling the target device. The ballistic disc, which is spherically curved and being of greater thickness at its central portion than at its peripheral portion, is positioned transversely within a cartridge casing with its concave side toward the target. A planar shock front is generated by an explosive train in the cartridge to propel the disc toward the target at very high velocities and, during initial flight, the concave disc configuration inverts to a convex streamlined tear-drop shape.
US Patent References:
Lined shaped explosive charge and liner therefor
Caldwell - February 1963 - 3077834
Apparatus for cutting encased explosives
Porter et al. - January 1964 - 3117518
Perforating apparatus
Lebourg et al. - March 1962 - 3025794
Steadying device for pistols
Saunders - June 1924 - 1497794
Rifle rest
Kester - August 1958 - 2847909
Lined shaped explosive charge and liner therefor
Caldwell - February 1963 - 3077834
Apparatus for cutting encased explosives
Porter et al. - January 1964 - 3117518
Perforating apparatus
Lebourg et al. - March 1962 - 3025794
Steadying device for pistols
Saunders - June 1924 - 1497794
Rifle rest
Kester - August 1958 - 2847909
Inventors:
Kronman, Seymour (Aberdeen, MD)
Spencer, Dana E. (Alexandria, VA)
Henderson, Larry D. (Bryans Road, MD)
Spencer, Dana E. (Alexandria, VA)
Henderson, Larry D. (Bryans Road, MD)
Application Number:
05/087522
Publication Date:
10/03/1972
Filing Date:
11/06/1970
View Patent Images:
Export Citation:
Primary Class:
Other Classes:
102/501, 42/105
International Classes:
F41F1/00; F42B3/08; F42B12/10; F42B3/00; F42B12/02; F41F1/00
Field of Search:
89/1 42/94,1,1S,1F 102/1,24HL,22,92.1 99/40
US Patent References:
Primary Examiner:
Engle, Samuel W.
Claims:
What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States is
1. An ordnance disabling weapon comprising:
2. The device of claim 1 further comprising:
3. The device of claim 1 wherein said platform comprises:
4. The device of claim 3 wherein said casing has a complementary keyway formed therein along a portion of the length of said casing and adapted to slidably receive said key.
5. The device of claim 3 further comprising:
1. An ordnance disabling weapon comprising:
2. The device of claim 1 further comprising:
3. The device of claim 1 wherein said platform comprises:
4. The device of claim 3 wherein said casing has a complementary keyway formed therein along a portion of the length of said casing and adapted to slidably receive said key.
5. The device of claim 3 further comprising:
Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to disabling devices and more particularly to a weapon for disarming an explosive ordnance device.
In military combat zones, enemy explosive ordnance devices such as bombs, mines, and warheads of various types are frequently encountered by friendly forces. These explosive ordnance devices, which may have been dropped by planes, delivered by missiles, or planted by saboteurs, frequently have not detonated, due to either a malfunction of the device or by its intended design, and therefore remain a threat to friendly military and/or civilian personnel. Similarly, armed explosive devices are sometimes found in public buildings in noncombat areas and also must be safely disarmed.
If the explosive device has been found in an area from which all personnel may be evacuated and in which little damage to property or material will result from detonation of the device, it may be intentionally detonated by an igniter of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,288,067. However, many such explosive ordnance devices are not found in locations where they may be detonated without endangering lives or inflicting substantial losses to property. Moreover, many of these devices cannot be safely moved to a remote area for subsequent detonation or disabling because its fuze may have been set to trigger the device upon either movement of the device or attempted removal of its fuze. Furthermore, demolition experts are rarely able to determine merely from an inspection of the exterior of the device whether the fuze is so designed. In the past, explosive ordnance devices could not be disabled with safety because there has been no satisfactory instrument capable of reliably disabling an explosive ordnance device without either causing it to detonate or necessitating the hazardous removal of its fuze.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved explosive ordnance disposal device.
Another object of the invention is to provide an explosive ordnance disposal device which affords greater safety to operating personnel and property in the vicinity.
A further object of the instant invention is the provision of a device for safely disabling an explosive ordnance item in situ.
Yet another object of the present invention is to facilitate the disabling of an explosive ordnance device from a standoff distance.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an explosive ordnance disposal device which is characterized by being compact and easily transportable.
Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of this invention, these and other objects are attained by providing a weapon having a cartridge containing an explosive train for generating a planar shock front to propel a curved disc, received in the discharge end of the cartridge, at an ordnance item to be disabled. The disc, which is curved and is thicker at its central portion than at its peripheral portion, is mounted in the cartridge with its concave side facing the target and, upon firing, inverts to a streamlined tear-drop configuration during flight toward the target. The cartridge is mounted on a support platform for firing and has sighting means provided thereon for aiming the weapon.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an explosive ordnance demolition weapon constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cartridge portion of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the cartridge case taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the ballistic disc portion of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and more particularly to FIG. 1 thereof wherein the explosive ordnance demolition weapon of the present invention is shown as consisting essentially of an explosive loaded cartridge 10 mounted upon a support platform or firing stand 12 for propelling a ballistic disc 14 from the forward end of the cartridge. That portion of firing stand 12 which otherwise would be masked by the presence of the cartridge 10 is shown in phantom to more clearly illustrate the manner in which the cartridge is mounted upon the firing stand. The firing stand 12 is of a unitary construction and includes a pair of upright tabs 54 and 56, the purpose of which will be hereinafter described, four legs 60, and a U-shaped cutout portion 16 at the forward end thereof defining a tongue-shaped key 18 which is adapted to be slideably received within a complementary keyway formed in the casing 20 of cartridge 10.
The keyway is more clearly illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 in which the cartridge casing 20 is shown as having a longitudinally extending slot 22 formed along a portion of its length with laterally extending coplanar channels 24 and 26 formed on opposed sides thereof. By this construction, the cartridge 10 may be quickly and securely mounted upon the firing stand 12 by inserting the tongue-shaped key 18 of the firing stand within the keyway channels 24 and 26 in the cartridge casing. The cartridge casing is also provided with a diametrically opposed longitudinal slot 28 having laterally extending coplanar channels 30 and 32 formed on opposite sides thereof for slideably receiving the base portion 34 of a sighting mechanism which has upstanding aligned sights 36 and 38 at the rearward and forward extremities thereof, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1, for the purpose of accurately aiming the disc 14 at a target.
Referring again to FIG. 2, it will be seen that the ballistic disc 14 is spherically curved and is positioned within cartridge 10 with its concave side adjacent the forward end of the cartridge. The disc is yieldingly retained in this position by an inwardly extending annular rib or flange 40 formed on the forward end of the cartridge casing 20. Also secured within the cartridge but at the rearward end thereof is a cylindrical plug 42 having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cartridge casing. The plug is provided with an axial bore 44 extending through a portion of its length and with a communicating larger diameter coaxial counterbore 46 extending the remainder of its length, which bores define an igniter chamber 48 and a booster chamber 50, respectively. A main propellant chamber 51 is defined by the cartridge casing 20 in the space between the disc 14 and the forward end of the plug 42.
The main propellant material may be selected from any number of suitable explosives, such as for example, Octal which is a mixture of approximately 70 percent cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) and approximately 30 percent trinitrotoluene (TNT). Positioned within the booster chamber 50 is a cylindrical booster charge, which may be selected from a number of suitable explosives, such as Tetryl, and which is in intimate contact with the main charge. An igniter or detonator is adapted to be received within the igniter chamber 48 but has not been illustrated within the chamber 48 because the igniter is normally inserted just prior to use of the weapon. Plug 42 is also provided with a severable closure cap 52 extending across the rearward end of the bore 44 to hermetically seal the contents of the cartridge casing from the environment until the cartridge is required for use, at which time the severable cap may be readily removed by cutting or punching with a suitable tool and the igniter or detonator 44 then inserted into chamber 48 to complete the explosive train. Upon removal of the severable cap 52 and insertion of a detonator within chamber 48, electrical leads 58 from the detonator may be wound around the pair of upstanding tabs 54 and 56 formed on the firing stand, as shown in FIG. 1, to prevent the possibility of accidental withdrawal of the detonator from chamber 48 as the operator carries the electrical leads and a firing device to a remote location.
It has been found that extremely high disc velocities and penetrating powers are achieved when disc 14 is constructed of a hard metal such as steel and when the central portion of the disc is of greater thickness than the thickness around the disc periphery. As shown in FIG. 4, in which the shape of the disc is enlarged and exaggerated for purposes of clarity, disc 14 has a spherically curved central portion 62 of constant thickness extending approximately one-half of the total disc diameter, between points 64 and 66, and a peripheral portion 68 extending radially outwardly from the central portion and being of lesser thickness than the central portion. The disc's peripheral portion 68 has an inner surface which conforms to a frusto-conical configuration so that the thickness of the peripheral portion 68 diminishes at a constant rate from the thickness of the central portion toward a predetermined lesser thickness at the peripheral edge of the disc.
It has also been found that extremely high disc velocities and penetrating power are attained by designing the explosive train within the cartridge to develop a planar shock front for propelling the disc toward the target. This is achieved by making the cylindrical booster charge 50 of a configuration such that its axial length is greater than its diameter.
In operation, the firing stand 12, which may be constructed of aluminum or other flexible metals, may be compactly stored and transported in a flat sheet configuration and easily bent into the configuration illustrated in FIG. 1 just prior to assembling the weapon. The cartridge is mounted upon the firing stand by simply inserting the tongue-shaped key 18 of the firing stand into the complementary keyway in the cartridge and the sighting device is similarly mounted upon the cartridge. The detonator may then be inserted into chamber 48 by severing the closure cap 52 on the cartridge plug and the weapon is ready for firing. Since the firing stand is constructed of flexible material, the stand may be utilized in a variety of ways, such as by resting legs 60 upon firm ground, embedding the legs into soft ground, or wrapping the legs around a post or stake, thus enabling the weapon to be fired from a variety of positions.
With the device of the present invention, a one and one half inch diameter ballistic disc is capable of total penetration through 0.75 inches of mild steel plate while a 2 7/8 inch diameter ballistic disc is capable of total penetration through 1.75 inches of mild steel plate. When the weapon is fired, the concave disc configuration inverts to a convex streamlined tear-drop configuration at about a distance of one disc diameter from the point at which it was fired, thus further attributing to the attainment of the extremely high disc velocities and great penetrating power of the weapon, while also enhancing the flight accuracy of the disc. The present invention may be effectively fired from a close range of only one disc diameter from the target as well as being fired from long ranges with great accuracy. Thus, when appropriately aimed, the disc of the present invention is capable of penetrating the casing of an explosive ordnance device and disabling the fuze of that device without causing the device to detonate.
It will be apparent that the present invention provides a simple and reliable weapon for performing an ordnance demolition function heretofore unattainable by previously existing devices. It will also be apparent that although the invention has been described in connection with the disabling and disarming of explosive ordnance devices, it is not so limited and is equally applicable for use as an anti-personnel weapon, as well as against various motorized vehicles, pressure vessels, and other potentially hazardous devices.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
This invention relates generally to disabling devices and more particularly to a weapon for disarming an explosive ordnance device.
In military combat zones, enemy explosive ordnance devices such as bombs, mines, and warheads of various types are frequently encountered by friendly forces. These explosive ordnance devices, which may have been dropped by planes, delivered by missiles, or planted by saboteurs, frequently have not detonated, due to either a malfunction of the device or by its intended design, and therefore remain a threat to friendly military and/or civilian personnel. Similarly, armed explosive devices are sometimes found in public buildings in noncombat areas and also must be safely disarmed.
If the explosive device has been found in an area from which all personnel may be evacuated and in which little damage to property or material will result from detonation of the device, it may be intentionally detonated by an igniter of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,288,067. However, many such explosive ordnance devices are not found in locations where they may be detonated without endangering lives or inflicting substantial losses to property. Moreover, many of these devices cannot be safely moved to a remote area for subsequent detonation or disabling because its fuze may have been set to trigger the device upon either movement of the device or attempted removal of its fuze. Furthermore, demolition experts are rarely able to determine merely from an inspection of the exterior of the device whether the fuze is so designed. In the past, explosive ordnance devices could not be disabled with safety because there has been no satisfactory instrument capable of reliably disabling an explosive ordnance device without either causing it to detonate or necessitating the hazardous removal of its fuze.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved explosive ordnance disposal device.
Another object of the invention is to provide an explosive ordnance disposal device which affords greater safety to operating personnel and property in the vicinity.
A further object of the instant invention is the provision of a device for safely disabling an explosive ordnance item in situ.
Yet another object of the present invention is to facilitate the disabling of an explosive ordnance device from a standoff distance.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an explosive ordnance disposal device which is characterized by being compact and easily transportable.
Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of this invention, these and other objects are attained by providing a weapon having a cartridge containing an explosive train for generating a planar shock front to propel a curved disc, received in the discharge end of the cartridge, at an ordnance item to be disabled. The disc, which is curved and is thicker at its central portion than at its peripheral portion, is mounted in the cartridge with its concave side facing the target and, upon firing, inverts to a streamlined tear-drop configuration during flight toward the target. The cartridge is mounted on a support platform for firing and has sighting means provided thereon for aiming the weapon.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an explosive ordnance demolition weapon constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cartridge portion of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the cartridge case taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the ballistic disc portion of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and more particularly to FIG. 1 thereof wherein the explosive ordnance demolition weapon of the present invention is shown as consisting essentially of an explosive loaded cartridge 10 mounted upon a support platform or firing stand 12 for propelling a ballistic disc 14 from the forward end of the cartridge. That portion of firing stand 12 which otherwise would be masked by the presence of the cartridge 10 is shown in phantom to more clearly illustrate the manner in which the cartridge is mounted upon the firing stand. The firing stand 12 is of a unitary construction and includes a pair of upright tabs 54 and 56, the purpose of which will be hereinafter described, four legs 60, and a U-shaped cutout portion 16 at the forward end thereof defining a tongue-shaped key 18 which is adapted to be slideably received within a complementary keyway formed in the casing 20 of cartridge 10.
The keyway is more clearly illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 in which the cartridge casing 20 is shown as having a longitudinally extending slot 22 formed along a portion of its length with laterally extending coplanar channels 24 and 26 formed on opposed sides thereof. By this construction, the cartridge 10 may be quickly and securely mounted upon the firing stand 12 by inserting the tongue-shaped key 18 of the firing stand within the keyway channels 24 and 26 in the cartridge casing. The cartridge casing is also provided with a diametrically opposed longitudinal slot 28 having laterally extending coplanar channels 30 and 32 formed on opposite sides thereof for slideably receiving the base portion 34 of a sighting mechanism which has upstanding aligned sights 36 and 38 at the rearward and forward extremities thereof, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1, for the purpose of accurately aiming the disc 14 at a target.
Referring again to FIG. 2, it will be seen that the ballistic disc 14 is spherically curved and is positioned within cartridge 10 with its concave side adjacent the forward end of the cartridge. The disc is yieldingly retained in this position by an inwardly extending annular rib or flange 40 formed on the forward end of the cartridge casing 20. Also secured within the cartridge but at the rearward end thereof is a cylindrical plug 42 having an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cartridge casing. The plug is provided with an axial bore 44 extending through a portion of its length and with a communicating larger diameter coaxial counterbore 46 extending the remainder of its length, which bores define an igniter chamber 48 and a booster chamber 50, respectively. A main propellant chamber 51 is defined by the cartridge casing 20 in the space between the disc 14 and the forward end of the plug 42.
The main propellant material may be selected from any number of suitable explosives, such as for example, Octal which is a mixture of approximately 70 percent cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) and approximately 30 percent trinitrotoluene (TNT). Positioned within the booster chamber 50 is a cylindrical booster charge, which may be selected from a number of suitable explosives, such as Tetryl, and which is in intimate contact with the main charge. An igniter or detonator is adapted to be received within the igniter chamber 48 but has not been illustrated within the chamber 48 because the igniter is normally inserted just prior to use of the weapon. Plug 42 is also provided with a severable closure cap 52 extending across the rearward end of the bore 44 to hermetically seal the contents of the cartridge casing from the environment until the cartridge is required for use, at which time the severable cap may be readily removed by cutting or punching with a suitable tool and the igniter or detonator 44 then inserted into chamber 48 to complete the explosive train. Upon removal of the severable cap 52 and insertion of a detonator within chamber 48, electrical leads 58 from the detonator may be wound around the pair of upstanding tabs 54 and 56 formed on the firing stand, as shown in FIG. 1, to prevent the possibility of accidental withdrawal of the detonator from chamber 48 as the operator carries the electrical leads and a firing device to a remote location.
It has been found that extremely high disc velocities and penetrating powers are achieved when disc 14 is constructed of a hard metal such as steel and when the central portion of the disc is of greater thickness than the thickness around the disc periphery. As shown in FIG. 4, in which the shape of the disc is enlarged and exaggerated for purposes of clarity, disc 14 has a spherically curved central portion 62 of constant thickness extending approximately one-half of the total disc diameter, between points 64 and 66, and a peripheral portion 68 extending radially outwardly from the central portion and being of lesser thickness than the central portion. The disc's peripheral portion 68 has an inner surface which conforms to a frusto-conical configuration so that the thickness of the peripheral portion 68 diminishes at a constant rate from the thickness of the central portion toward a predetermined lesser thickness at the peripheral edge of the disc.
It has also been found that extremely high disc velocities and penetrating power are attained by designing the explosive train within the cartridge to develop a planar shock front for propelling the disc toward the target. This is achieved by making the cylindrical booster charge 50 of a configuration such that its axial length is greater than its diameter.
In operation, the firing stand 12, which may be constructed of aluminum or other flexible metals, may be compactly stored and transported in a flat sheet configuration and easily bent into the configuration illustrated in FIG. 1 just prior to assembling the weapon. The cartridge is mounted upon the firing stand by simply inserting the tongue-shaped key 18 of the firing stand into the complementary keyway in the cartridge and the sighting device is similarly mounted upon the cartridge. The detonator may then be inserted into chamber 48 by severing the closure cap 52 on the cartridge plug and the weapon is ready for firing. Since the firing stand is constructed of flexible material, the stand may be utilized in a variety of ways, such as by resting legs 60 upon firm ground, embedding the legs into soft ground, or wrapping the legs around a post or stake, thus enabling the weapon to be fired from a variety of positions.
With the device of the present invention, a one and one half inch diameter ballistic disc is capable of total penetration through 0.75 inches of mild steel plate while a 2 7/8 inch diameter ballistic disc is capable of total penetration through 1.75 inches of mild steel plate. When the weapon is fired, the concave disc configuration inverts to a convex streamlined tear-drop configuration at about a distance of one disc diameter from the point at which it was fired, thus further attributing to the attainment of the extremely high disc velocities and great penetrating power of the weapon, while also enhancing the flight accuracy of the disc. The present invention may be effectively fired from a close range of only one disc diameter from the target as well as being fired from long ranges with great accuracy. Thus, when appropriately aimed, the disc of the present invention is capable of penetrating the casing of an explosive ordnance device and disabling the fuze of that device without causing the device to detonate.
It will be apparent that the present invention provides a simple and reliable weapon for performing an ordnance demolition function heretofore unattainable by previously existing devices. It will also be apparent that although the invention has been described in connection with the disabling and disarming of explosive ordnance devices, it is not so limited and is equally applicable for use as an anti-personnel weapon, as well as against various motorized vehicles, pressure vessels, and other potentially hazardous devices.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.