POLYESTERS WITH SUBSTITUTED AMINE END GROUPS
United States Patent 3684771
Polyesters represented by the general structure ##SPC1## Useful as film-formers in coating compositions wherein G may be isocyanate, amino, carbamate, or urea groups, and Q is a dicarboxylic acid - diol or polylactone polyester chain.
US Patent References:
Biuret polyisocyanate based polyurethanes
Wagner - August 1965 - 3201372
Preparation of biuret polyisocyanates
Hennig et al. - February 1968 - 3367956
/3591560.html
Wagner et al. - July 1971 - 3591560
Biuret polyisocyanate based polyurethanes
Wagner - August 1965 - 3201372
Preparation of biuret polyisocyanates
Hennig et al. - February 1968 - 3367956
/3591560.html
Wagner et al. - July 1971 - 3591560
Application Number:
05/120769
Publication Date:
08/15/1972
Filing Date:
03/03/1971
View Patent Images:
Export Citation:
Assignee:
E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (Wilmington, DE)
Primary Class:
Other Classes:
528/44, 528/48, 528/274, 528/73, 252/62.540, 528/272, 528/354, 528/355
International Classes:
C08G18/28; C08G18/42; C08G18/78; C08G18/00; C08G17/14; C08G39/10
Field of Search:
260/78.3R,482B,482C,75TN,77.5AN,77.5MA,77.5AT,77,77.5R
Primary Examiner:
Short, William H.
Assistant Examiner:
Nielsen E.
Parent Case Data:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 776,823, filed Nov. 18, 1968, and now abandoned.
Claims:
I claim
1. A polymeric material of the formula ##SPC16##
2. The polymeric material of claim 1 wherein R is alkylene of two through ten carbon atoms, D is alkyl of three through ten carbon atoms and n is 10 through 200.
3. The polymeric material of claim 1 having the formula ##SPC17##
1. A polymeric material of the formula ##SPC16##
2. The polymeric material of claim 1 wherein R is alkylene of two through ten carbon atoms, D is alkyl of three through ten carbon atoms and n is 10 through 200.
3. The polymeric material of claim 1 having the formula ##SPC17##
Description:
STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to polyesters. It is more particularly directed to polyesters represented by the structure ##SPC2##
Where G can be -NCO, -NH 2 ,
where Z can be alkyl of one through 20 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl of one through 20 carbon atoms, carboxyalkyl of one through 20 carbon atoms, hydroxy/carboxy alkyl of one through 20 carbon atoms, alkylene-dialkylamino,
or --CH 2 CH 2 NHNH 2 ;
and
R 1 and R 2 can be hydrogen, alkyl of one through six carbon atoms, --NH 2 , --O ##SPC3##
R can be alkylene of two through ten carbon atoms, phenylene, tolylene, ##SPC4##
Where D can be alkyl of one through 18 carbon atoms;
X and Y can be phenylene or alkylene of two through 18 carbon atoms;
And
n is a number 10-500.
UTILITY
The polymers of the invention are useful as film-formers in coating compositions, particularly when combined with a second polymer having complementary reactive groups. Illustrative of such second polymers are heat reactive phenolics, polyglycidyl ethers and esters, polyisocyanate resins, butylated urea/formaldehyde resins and melamine/formaldehyde/alkanol resins.
The polymers of the invention can be cured as film-formers by mixing from about 55 to about 95 parts of the polymer with from about 5 to 45 parts of the second complementary polymer, in a suitable solvent. This solution can then be used directly to give clear coatings or it may be pigmented as desired.
The coating composition can be applied conventionally and is preferably then baked for from about 10 to 30 minutes at 80°-200°C.
The polymers of the invention are also useful as aids for dispersing solid particles in organic liquids. They are especially useful as aids for dispersing pigments in organic liquids. Illustrative of the pigments which can be dispersed are titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide, lead titanate, potassium titanate, antimony oxide, lithopone, phthalocyanine blue, toluidine red, quinacridone and the like.
Pigment dispersions made with polymers of the invention are remarkably resistant to flocculation, which gives the paints into which dispersions are incorporated higher initial gloss, better hiding and tinting strength, and makes them resistant to color drift and gloss loss. These pigment dispersions can also be used satisfactorily with many more diverse types of paints than conventional pigment dispersions. Moreover, a dispersion made with a polymer of the invention can have a significantly higher pigment content, while retaining the same degree of fludidity, than when conventional aids are used.
The polymers of the invention can be used as pigment dispersing aids by dissolving from 0.001 to about 2.00 grams of polymer per square meter 1 (Measured by the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller nitrogen adsorption method described on page 30 of "Colloidal Dispersions" by Earl K. Fischer, published by John Wiley and Sons in 1950.) pigment to be used, preferably 0.004 to about 0.100 gram per square meter, in an organic liquid compatible with the paint into which the pigment dispersion is to be incorporated. Illustrative of organic liquids which can be used are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, ketones, alcohols, and mixtures of these.
An appropriate amount of pigment is then added to this solution, which is then subjected to shear, as by sand-grinding, or ball-milling, to deagglomerate and disperse the pigment. This pigment dispersion or mill-base can be then added directly to a paint.
Polymers of the invention preferred for use as pigment dispersing aids are those of formula 1 where R is alkylene of two through ten carbon atoms, D is alkyl of three through ten carbon atoms and n is 10 through 200. Especially preferred are those whose preparation is shown in Examples 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8.
The polymers of the invention are also useful for dispersing magnetic oxides such as iron oxide and chromium dioxide in compositions used to prepare magnetic tape. Use of 0.5-10 percent, by weight of such a composition, of a polymer of the invention promotes wetting of the oxide, improves adhesion of the composition to the tape substrate and improves the tape's magnetic properties.
PREPARATION OF THE POLYMERS
To make the polymers of the invention, one mole of a hydroxyl-terminated polyester is condensed with one mole of a triisocyanate, according to the general equation: ##SPC5##
In this equation, R is an alkylene group.
The hydroxyl-terminated polyester can be prepared by
1. Polymerizing a lactone such as propiolactone, caprolactone or pivalolactone.
2. Condensing a glycol and a dibasic acid in the presence of a mono-alcohol. The formation of polyesters capped at both ends with hydroxyl groups should be minimized. This can be done by controlling the stoichiometry of the reaction so that the acid number and the hydroxyl number of the polyester are approximately equal.
3. Condensing a hydroxy acid in the presence of a small amount of mono-alcohol.
Illustrative of these reactions are ##SPC6##
These reactions are described in greater detail in "Preparative Methods of Polymer Chemistry", Sorenson and Campbell, Interscience Publishers, Inc. New York, N.Y. (1961), pp. 111-127 and 242-247 and "Polyesters and Their Applications", Bjorksten Research Laboratories, Inc., Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, N.Y. (1956).
The polyester thus prepared is dissolved in an inert liquid like anhydrous benzene. The tri-isocyanate is then added, together with about 0.1 percent (by weight) of dibutyl tin dilaurate. This mixture is heated for about 1 hour at 80°-130°C. The resulting product can be isolated by stripping off the solvent at 100°C. and a pressure of 20 mm.
Modifications can be made, if desired, by reacting the product, without isolation, with compounds having active hydrogen atoms, to give other polymers of the invention. Illustrative of such compounds are: ##SPC7##
To make such a modification, 1-2 moles of reactant for each mole of the polyester-isocyanate product is added to the polyester-isocyanate reaction mass, together with another 0.1% (by weight) of dibutyl tin dilaurate. This mixture is then heated for about one hour at 80°-130°C.
The resulting polymer can be isolated from the reaction mass by heating it at 100°C. for 1 hour at 20 mm. pressure to strip off volatiles.
The physical properties of the polymers of the invention thus prepared range from viscous liquid to friable solid. They are soluble in common organic liquids such as toluene, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, hexane, cyclohexane and dimethylformamide.
EXAMPLES
The following examples are submitted so that the invention may be more readily understood and practiced.
Those skilled in the art will no doubt be able to compose numerous variations on their central theme, such as the attachment of innocuous substituents. It is naturally considered that these variations are a part of the invention.
In the Examples all parts are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
EXAMPLE 1
Fifty-nine and two tenths parts of butyl alcohol initiated polycaprolactone (molecular weight 2960) were dissolved in 100 parts of reagent grade benzene. To this were added, with stirring and in a nitrogen atmosphere, 15.3 parts of a 75 percent solution of
in cellosolve acetate. One-tenth part of dibutyl tin dilaurate catalyst was added and the mixture heated at 80°C. for 1 hour.
The solvent was stripped off at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC8##
EXAMPLE 2
To the product of Example 1, before stripping, were added 5 parts of absolute ethanol and 0.1 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate. This mixture was refluxed for 1 hour.
Solvent was removed by stripping at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure. The product was a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC9##
EXAMPLE 3
For thirty minutes, ammonia gas was bubbled through the final reaction mass (before stripping) of Example 1. Excess ammonia and solvent were then removed by stripping at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC10##
EXAMPLE 4
To the product of Example 1, before stripping, were added 3.5 parts of anhydrous hydrazine. The mixture was heated at 80°C. for 1 hour.
Excess hydrazine and solvent were removed by stripping at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC11##
EXAMPLE 5
To the product of Example 1, before stripping, were added 3 parts of dimethylol propionic acid and 0.1 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate. The mixture was heated for 1 hour at 80°C.
This was then cooled and partially stripped to remove some solvent. Seventy parts of acetone were added and unreacted dimethylol propionic acid was filtered off. The filtrate was then stripped at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC12##
EXAMPLE 6
To the product of Example 1, before stripping, were added 3 parts of water and 0.1 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate. The mixture was heated for one hour at 80°C.
Excess water and solvent were then removed by stripping at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC13##
EXAMPLE 7
Sixty-eight and eight-tenths parts of polycaprolactone (molecular weight 2960) were dissolved in 150 parts of anhydrous ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. To this were added 14.8 parts of Desmodur N75. This solution was mixed and 0.2 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate was added. The mixture was then heated for 2 hours at 80°C.
To this were then added 13.9 parts of 12-hydroxy stearic acid, together with 0.1 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate and 50 parts of anhydrous ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. The mixture was heated at 80°C for 3 hours and then stripped at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC14##
EXAMPLE 8
The procedure of Example 4 was followed, except that 2 parts of N,N-dimethylethylene diamine were substituted for the hydrazine.
The product had the structure ##SPC15##
This invention relates to polyesters. It is more particularly directed to polyesters represented by the structure ##SPC2##
Where G can be -NCO, -NH 2 ,
where Z can be alkyl of one through 20 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl of one through 20 carbon atoms, carboxyalkyl of one through 20 carbon atoms, hydroxy/carboxy alkyl of one through 20 carbon atoms, alkylene-dialkylamino,
or --CH 2 CH 2 NHNH 2 ;
and
R 1 and R 2 can be hydrogen, alkyl of one through six carbon atoms, --NH 2 , --O ##SPC3##
R can be alkylene of two through ten carbon atoms, phenylene, tolylene, ##SPC4##
Where D can be alkyl of one through 18 carbon atoms;
X and Y can be phenylene or alkylene of two through 18 carbon atoms;
And
n is a number 10-500.
UTILITY
The polymers of the invention are useful as film-formers in coating compositions, particularly when combined with a second polymer having complementary reactive groups. Illustrative of such second polymers are heat reactive phenolics, polyglycidyl ethers and esters, polyisocyanate resins, butylated urea/formaldehyde resins and melamine/formaldehyde/alkanol resins.
The polymers of the invention can be cured as film-formers by mixing from about 55 to about 95 parts of the polymer with from about 5 to 45 parts of the second complementary polymer, in a suitable solvent. This solution can then be used directly to give clear coatings or it may be pigmented as desired.
The coating composition can be applied conventionally and is preferably then baked for from about 10 to 30 minutes at 80°-200°C.
The polymers of the invention are also useful as aids for dispersing solid particles in organic liquids. They are especially useful as aids for dispersing pigments in organic liquids. Illustrative of the pigments which can be dispersed are titanium dioxide, carbon black, zinc oxide, lead titanate, potassium titanate, antimony oxide, lithopone, phthalocyanine blue, toluidine red, quinacridone and the like.
Pigment dispersions made with polymers of the invention are remarkably resistant to flocculation, which gives the paints into which dispersions are incorporated higher initial gloss, better hiding and tinting strength, and makes them resistant to color drift and gloss loss. These pigment dispersions can also be used satisfactorily with many more diverse types of paints than conventional pigment dispersions. Moreover, a dispersion made with a polymer of the invention can have a significantly higher pigment content, while retaining the same degree of fludidity, than when conventional aids are used.
The polymers of the invention can be used as pigment dispersing aids by dissolving from 0.001 to about 2.00 grams of polymer per square meter 1 (Measured by the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller nitrogen adsorption method described on page 30 of "Colloidal Dispersions" by Earl K. Fischer, published by John Wiley and Sons in 1950.) pigment to be used, preferably 0.004 to about 0.100 gram per square meter, in an organic liquid compatible with the paint into which the pigment dispersion is to be incorporated. Illustrative of organic liquids which can be used are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, ketones, alcohols, and mixtures of these.
An appropriate amount of pigment is then added to this solution, which is then subjected to shear, as by sand-grinding, or ball-milling, to deagglomerate and disperse the pigment. This pigment dispersion or mill-base can be then added directly to a paint.
Polymers of the invention preferred for use as pigment dispersing aids are those of formula 1 where R is alkylene of two through ten carbon atoms, D is alkyl of three through ten carbon atoms and n is 10 through 200. Especially preferred are those whose preparation is shown in Examples 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8.
The polymers of the invention are also useful for dispersing magnetic oxides such as iron oxide and chromium dioxide in compositions used to prepare magnetic tape. Use of 0.5-10 percent, by weight of such a composition, of a polymer of the invention promotes wetting of the oxide, improves adhesion of the composition to the tape substrate and improves the tape's magnetic properties.
PREPARATION OF THE POLYMERS
To make the polymers of the invention, one mole of a hydroxyl-terminated polyester is condensed with one mole of a triisocyanate, according to the general equation: ##SPC5##
In this equation, R is an alkylene group.
The hydroxyl-terminated polyester can be prepared by
1. Polymerizing a lactone such as propiolactone, caprolactone or pivalolactone.
2. Condensing a glycol and a dibasic acid in the presence of a mono-alcohol. The formation of polyesters capped at both ends with hydroxyl groups should be minimized. This can be done by controlling the stoichiometry of the reaction so that the acid number and the hydroxyl number of the polyester are approximately equal.
3. Condensing a hydroxy acid in the presence of a small amount of mono-alcohol.
Illustrative of these reactions are ##SPC6##
These reactions are described in greater detail in "Preparative Methods of Polymer Chemistry", Sorenson and Campbell, Interscience Publishers, Inc. New York, N.Y. (1961), pp. 111-127 and 242-247 and "Polyesters and Their Applications", Bjorksten Research Laboratories, Inc., Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, N.Y. (1956).
The polyester thus prepared is dissolved in an inert liquid like anhydrous benzene. The tri-isocyanate is then added, together with about 0.1 percent (by weight) of dibutyl tin dilaurate. This mixture is heated for about 1 hour at 80°-130°C. The resulting product can be isolated by stripping off the solvent at 100°C. and a pressure of 20 mm.
Modifications can be made, if desired, by reacting the product, without isolation, with compounds having active hydrogen atoms, to give other polymers of the invention. Illustrative of such compounds are: ##SPC7##
To make such a modification, 1-2 moles of reactant for each mole of the polyester-isocyanate product is added to the polyester-isocyanate reaction mass, together with another 0.1% (by weight) of dibutyl tin dilaurate. This mixture is then heated for about one hour at 80°-130°C.
The resulting polymer can be isolated from the reaction mass by heating it at 100°C. for 1 hour at 20 mm. pressure to strip off volatiles.
The physical properties of the polymers of the invention thus prepared range from viscous liquid to friable solid. They are soluble in common organic liquids such as toluene, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, hexane, cyclohexane and dimethylformamide.
EXAMPLES
The following examples are submitted so that the invention may be more readily understood and practiced.
Those skilled in the art will no doubt be able to compose numerous variations on their central theme, such as the attachment of innocuous substituents. It is naturally considered that these variations are a part of the invention.
In the Examples all parts are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
EXAMPLE 1
Fifty-nine and two tenths parts of butyl alcohol initiated polycaprolactone (molecular weight 2960) were dissolved in 100 parts of reagent grade benzene. To this were added, with stirring and in a nitrogen atmosphere, 15.3 parts of a 75 percent solution of
in cellosolve acetate. One-tenth part of dibutyl tin dilaurate catalyst was added and the mixture heated at 80°C. for 1 hour.
The solvent was stripped off at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC8##
EXAMPLE 2
To the product of Example 1, before stripping, were added 5 parts of absolute ethanol and 0.1 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate. This mixture was refluxed for 1 hour.
Solvent was removed by stripping at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure. The product was a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC9##
EXAMPLE 3
For thirty minutes, ammonia gas was bubbled through the final reaction mass (before stripping) of Example 1. Excess ammonia and solvent were then removed by stripping at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC10##
EXAMPLE 4
To the product of Example 1, before stripping, were added 3.5 parts of anhydrous hydrazine. The mixture was heated at 80°C. for 1 hour.
Excess hydrazine and solvent were removed by stripping at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC11##
EXAMPLE 5
To the product of Example 1, before stripping, were added 3 parts of dimethylol propionic acid and 0.1 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate. The mixture was heated for 1 hour at 80°C.
This was then cooled and partially stripped to remove some solvent. Seventy parts of acetone were added and unreacted dimethylol propionic acid was filtered off. The filtrate was then stripped at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC12##
EXAMPLE 6
To the product of Example 1, before stripping, were added 3 parts of water and 0.1 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate. The mixture was heated for one hour at 80°C.
Excess water and solvent were then removed by stripping at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC13##
EXAMPLE 7
Sixty-eight and eight-tenths parts of polycaprolactone (molecular weight 2960) were dissolved in 150 parts of anhydrous ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. To this were added 14.8 parts of Desmodur N75. This solution was mixed and 0.2 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate was added. The mixture was then heated for 2 hours at 80°C.
To this were then added 13.9 parts of 12-hydroxy stearic acid, together with 0.1 part of dibutyl tin dilaurate and 50 parts of anhydrous ethylene glycol dimethyl ether. The mixture was heated at 80°C for 3 hours and then stripped at 100°C. and 20 mm. of pressure to give a waxy solid having the structure ##SPC14##
EXAMPLE 8
The procedure of Example 4 was followed, except that 2 parts of N,N-dimethylethylene diamine were substituted for the hydrazine.
The product had the structure ##SPC15##