GASEOUS FLUX DISTRIBUTOR
United States Patent 3661368
This device consists of an enclosure subdivided internally by a partition perforated by a great number of holes having parallel axes and opening on one side into a single chamber and on the other side into two separate chambers by a longitudinal partition. A suitable shutter permits of covering in said single chamber holes corresponding to one of said separated chambers and at the same time uncovering the equivalent number of holes opening into the chamber 3 for the purpose of varying the proportion of the outputs of the two fluxes.
US Patent References:
/1170453.html
Mader - February 1916 - 1170453
Vaporizing of liquid anesthetic
Caparelli - November 1965 - 3215140
ANESTHETIC VAPORIZER
Bickford - January 1969 - 3420232
ANAESTHETICS ADMINISTERING APPARATUS
Sugg et al. - April 1969 - 3438372
/1170453.html
Mader - February 1916 - 1170453
Vaporizing of liquid anesthetic
Caparelli - November 1965 - 3215140
ANESTHETIC VAPORIZER
Bickford - January 1969 - 3420232
ANAESTHETICS ADMINISTERING APPARATUS
Sugg et al. - April 1969 - 3438372
Application Number:
04/847352
Publication Date:
05/09/1972
Filing Date:
08/04/1969
View Patent Images:
Export Citation:
Primary Class:
Other Classes:
261/65, 128/203.250, 137/599.110
International Classes:
A61M16/18; A61M16/10; A61M17/00; B01D47/02
Field of Search:
128/188,186,196,197,185 261/63,DIG.65 137/610
Primary Examiner:
Gaudet, Richard A.
Assistant Examiner:
Mitchell J. B.
Claims:
What I claim is
1. A narcosis apparatus to be mounted between supply means delivering respirable gas and application means comprising a primary chamber provided with inlet means attached to said supply means, a pair of coaxial secondary chambers, a partition for separating said primary chamber from said pair of secondary chambers, said pair of coaxial secondary chambers comprising an annular secondary chamber communicating with said primary chamber through a first series of holes formed in said partition and provided with outlet means attached to said application means and an axial chamber communicating with said primary chamber through a second series of holes formed in said partition, an inlet control shutter for controlling the ingress of respirable gas into said secondary axial chamber, which is rotatably mounted in said primary chamber, external control means for setting said shutter in any desired position from a position in which all the holes of said second series are obturated to a position in which all the holes of the second series are uncovered, a saturator of liquid anaesthesic product, disposed beneath said primary chamber and said secondary annular chamber, said saturator of liquid anaesthesic product having an inlet duct connected to said axial secondary chamber and an outlet duct opening into said annular secondary chamber.
2. A narcosis apparatus as set forth in claim 1, which further comprises a shutter associated with the outled duct of said saturator of liquid anaesthesic product,which is rotatably mounted in said annular secondary chamber, rigid with the inlet shutter for the respirable gas in said axial secondary chamber and adapted to be actuated from said external control means for closing said evaporator outlet duct in the position of said external control means which sets said respirable gas inlet shutter in said secondary axial chamber in the position to close all the holes of said second series of holes.
1. A narcosis apparatus to be mounted between supply means delivering respirable gas and application means comprising a primary chamber provided with inlet means attached to said supply means, a pair of coaxial secondary chambers, a partition for separating said primary chamber from said pair of secondary chambers, said pair of coaxial secondary chambers comprising an annular secondary chamber communicating with said primary chamber through a first series of holes formed in said partition and provided with outlet means attached to said application means and an axial chamber communicating with said primary chamber through a second series of holes formed in said partition, an inlet control shutter for controlling the ingress of respirable gas into said secondary axial chamber, which is rotatably mounted in said primary chamber, external control means for setting said shutter in any desired position from a position in which all the holes of said second series are obturated to a position in which all the holes of the second series are uncovered, a saturator of liquid anaesthesic product, disposed beneath said primary chamber and said secondary annular chamber, said saturator of liquid anaesthesic product having an inlet duct connected to said axial secondary chamber and an outlet duct opening into said annular secondary chamber.
2. A narcosis apparatus as set forth in claim 1, which further comprises a shutter associated with the outled duct of said saturator of liquid anaesthesic product,which is rotatably mounted in said annular secondary chamber, rigid with the inlet shutter for the respirable gas in said axial secondary chamber and adapted to be actuated from said external control means for closing said evaporator outlet duct in the position of said external control means which sets said respirable gas inlet shutter in said secondary axial chamber in the position to close all the holes of said second series of holes.
Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a device for separating a main gaseous flux into proportional secondary fluxes independently of the total output, and also to its application to an evaporator vessel for liquid anaesthesic products.
The loss of pressure produced by the device is of the order of a few millimiters of water for a total output of 50 liters/minute.
The separation of the initial flux into two fluxes remains proportional as a function of the variation in the total output.
It was found according to this invention that in a reservoir fed at one end and having a great number of identical holes at its opposite end the output of each hole is identical to that of the other holes if the wall effect is avoided independently of the total output.
To obtain an adequate separation, it is therefore only necessary to collect without any loss of pressure the gas issuing from one fraction of these holes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To this end, the device according to the invention consists essentially of an enclosure subdivided into at least three contiguous chambers by a wall perforated with holes having the same cross-sectional area and opening on one side into a single main chamber of said enclosure and on the other side into at least two secondary chambers of said enclosure. The total flux is introduced into said main chamber and the flux is expelled from each one of said secondary chambers. A suitable shutter controlled from outside of the enclosure and housed in said first chamber permits of masking certain holes connecting said main chamber to one of said secondary chambers and possibly of simultaneously uncovering certain holes connecting said main chamber to either of said secondary chambers. Thus, the proportions of the secondary outputs can be varied at will.
This arrangement is suitable for use in an evaporator vessel for liquid anesthetic products; as the liquid must be administered at very low concentrations, it is necessary to divert one fraction of the vector gas towards the evaporator where it is saturated into anaesthetic vapor, and to redirect it towards a mixing chamber in which the desired final concentration is obtained.
The present device is advantageous, in the case of such an evaporator, in that the patient can breath effortlessly through this evaporator and without any addition of compressed gas.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The attached drawing illustrates diagrammatically a typical form of embodiment of this invention. In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic figure illustrating the device comprising two secondary chambers;
FIG. 2 shows similarly a specific use of this device;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III--III of FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The device illustrated consists of an enclosure 4 subdivided internally by a partition 5 perforated by a relatively great number of holes 6 having parallel axes which open on one side into a single chamber 1 and on the other side into a pair of chambers 2 and 3 separated by a longitudinal partition 7. A suitable shutter 8 is provided for covering or masking in chamber 1 the holes corresponding to chamber 2 and at the same time uncovering or unmasking an equivalent number of holes opening into the other chamber 3 for the purpose of varying the relative proportion in the outputs of the two fluxes while preserving a constant loss of pressure for a predetermined total output. The total flux is introduced by means of a pipe 9 into the chamber 1 and the secondary outputs are delivered via ducts 10 and 11, respectively.
For utilizing this device as a narcosis apparatus as illustrated in FIG. 2, the fresh gases penetrate into chamber 1 through a filter 12. The partition wall 5 is perforated by about 100 of small holes 6, about 0.5 mm in diameter, causing this chamber 1 to communicate with an annular secondary chamber 2 connected directly to the outlet 10, and about half a score of identical holes 3 6a causing said chamber to communicate with a central secondary chamber 3 connected via a duct 13 to a saturator 14 of anaesthetic product connected via another duct 15 to the rear portion of the secondary chamber 2; an input shutter 8 controlled from the outside by means of a button 16 and an axial rod 17 permits of covering or masking a predetermined number of holes 6a; an output, or delivery shutter 18 rigid with rod 17 permits of covering or masking the outlet of duct 15 and therefore preventing the evaporation of the anaesthetic product when the apparatus is inoperative.
Of course, the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the basic principle illustrated and described herein, since many applications may be contemplated from this characteristic arrangement.
This invention relates to a device for separating a main gaseous flux into proportional secondary fluxes independently of the total output, and also to its application to an evaporator vessel for liquid anaesthesic products.
The loss of pressure produced by the device is of the order of a few millimiters of water for a total output of 50 liters/minute.
The separation of the initial flux into two fluxes remains proportional as a function of the variation in the total output.
It was found according to this invention that in a reservoir fed at one end and having a great number of identical holes at its opposite end the output of each hole is identical to that of the other holes if the wall effect is avoided independently of the total output.
To obtain an adequate separation, it is therefore only necessary to collect without any loss of pressure the gas issuing from one fraction of these holes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To this end, the device according to the invention consists essentially of an enclosure subdivided into at least three contiguous chambers by a wall perforated with holes having the same cross-sectional area and opening on one side into a single main chamber of said enclosure and on the other side into at least two secondary chambers of said enclosure. The total flux is introduced into said main chamber and the flux is expelled from each one of said secondary chambers. A suitable shutter controlled from outside of the enclosure and housed in said first chamber permits of masking certain holes connecting said main chamber to one of said secondary chambers and possibly of simultaneously uncovering certain holes connecting said main chamber to either of said secondary chambers. Thus, the proportions of the secondary outputs can be varied at will.
This arrangement is suitable for use in an evaporator vessel for liquid anesthetic products; as the liquid must be administered at very low concentrations, it is necessary to divert one fraction of the vector gas towards the evaporator where it is saturated into anaesthetic vapor, and to redirect it towards a mixing chamber in which the desired final concentration is obtained.
The present device is advantageous, in the case of such an evaporator, in that the patient can breath effortlessly through this evaporator and without any addition of compressed gas.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The attached drawing illustrates diagrammatically a typical form of embodiment of this invention. In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic figure illustrating the device comprising two secondary chambers;
FIG. 2 shows similarly a specific use of this device;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III--III of FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The device illustrated consists of an enclosure 4 subdivided internally by a partition 5 perforated by a relatively great number of holes 6 having parallel axes which open on one side into a single chamber 1 and on the other side into a pair of chambers 2 and 3 separated by a longitudinal partition 7. A suitable shutter 8 is provided for covering or masking in chamber 1 the holes corresponding to chamber 2 and at the same time uncovering or unmasking an equivalent number of holes opening into the other chamber 3 for the purpose of varying the relative proportion in the outputs of the two fluxes while preserving a constant loss of pressure for a predetermined total output. The total flux is introduced by means of a pipe 9 into the chamber 1 and the secondary outputs are delivered via ducts 10 and 11, respectively.
For utilizing this device as a narcosis apparatus as illustrated in FIG. 2, the fresh gases penetrate into chamber 1 through a filter 12. The partition wall 5 is perforated by about 100 of small holes 6, about 0.5 mm in diameter, causing this chamber 1 to communicate with an annular secondary chamber 2 connected directly to the outlet 10, and about half a score of identical holes 3 6a causing said chamber to communicate with a central secondary chamber 3 connected via a duct 13 to a saturator 14 of anaesthetic product connected via another duct 15 to the rear portion of the secondary chamber 2; an input shutter 8 controlled from the outside by means of a button 16 and an axial rod 17 permits of covering or masking a predetermined number of holes 6a; an output, or delivery shutter 18 rigid with rod 17 permits of covering or masking the outlet of duct 15 and therefore preventing the evaporation of the anaesthetic product when the apparatus is inoperative.
Of course, the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the basic principle illustrated and described herein, since many applications may be contemplated from this characteristic arrangement.