HONING TOOL UNIVERSAL DRIVE, HONE HOLDER AND SIZE SELECTOR
United States Patent 3626437
A honing tool having a body provided with radial slots for the reception of a plurality of hone holders that are a sliding fit in the slots, metal-bonded abrasive hones mounted onto the outer faces of the holders, the inner faces of the holders are provided with channels for the reception of expansion plates, an expansion wedge slidably fitting an aperture in the body, a stop collar cross-pinned to the wedge, adjustable stop nuts for locating the stop collar longitudinally of the body and a universal joint on the extreme end of a shaft for driving the body.
US Patent References:
Internal grinding apparatus
Agostoni - July 1933 - 1918077
Lapping apparatus
Wallace - January 1941 - 2229318
Honing device
Indge - April 1941 - 2238326
Abrading machine
Astrowski et al. - August 1941 - 2251607
Honing head
McKeon - September 1941 - 2257474
Internal grinding apparatus
Agostoni - July 1933 - 1918077
Lapping apparatus
Wallace - January 1941 - 2229318
Honing device
Indge - April 1941 - 2238326
Abrading machine
Astrowski et al. - August 1941 - 2251607
Honing head
McKeon - September 1941 - 2257474
Application Number:
04/875065
Publication Date:
12/07/1971
Filing Date:
11/10/1969
View Patent Images:
Export Citation:
Primary Class:
International Classes:
B24B33/08; B24B33/00; B24D17/00
Field of Search:
51/338,339,340,344,346,349,34C,34D,34E,34F,34G
US Patent References:
Primary Examiner:
Swingle, Lester M.
Claims:
I claim
1. In a honing tool, a spindle mounted for rotation in a housing, a drive shaft, a body rigidly connected to one end of the drive shaft, said drive shaft extending through a central aperture in said spindle, the drive shaft having a smaller diameter than the diameter of said central aperture, the other end of said drive shaft being mounted by a ball and socket universal drive for rotation with said spindle, said body being provided with a multiple of guide slots for reception of hone holders that have a sliding fit in said slots, abrasive hones mounted on outer faces of said hone holders, and means including a slidable expanding wedge for expanding said abrasive hones, inner faces of said hone holders being provided with channel slots for the reception of the said slidable expanding wedges.
1. In a honing tool, a spindle mounted for rotation in a housing, a drive shaft, a body rigidly connected to one end of the drive shaft, said drive shaft extending through a central aperture in said spindle, the drive shaft having a smaller diameter than the diameter of said central aperture, the other end of said drive shaft being mounted by a ball and socket universal drive for rotation with said spindle, said body being provided with a multiple of guide slots for reception of hone holders that have a sliding fit in said slots, abrasive hones mounted on outer faces of said hone holders, and means including a slidable expanding wedge for expanding said abrasive hones, inner faces of said hone holders being provided with channel slots for the reception of the said slidable expanding wedges.
Description:
An increasingly large variety of parts are being honed today in production, to control size, round, straight, and surface condition of outside and inside diameters.
The automobile companies use a large percent of the honing equipment manufactured today and the honing process is also used in aircraft, farm equipment, air conditioning, refrigeration, ordnance, hydraulic, oil well equipment and bearing industries.
A general disadvantage of many honing operations in use today is in the use of inflammable coolants such as kerosene and fuel oil; these coolants also give off objectional odors and they can irritate the skin on the hands and arms of the honing operators.
The honing abrasives in use are aluminum oxide and silicon carbide; these abrasives are bonded with clay and break down rapidly under honing pressure, resulting in short production runs and frequent changing of the abrasive hones. This rapid wearing down of the abrasive hones is significant because it effects the accuracy of the work performed by the honing tools. Rigid drive shaft honing tools are used. These require high precision drivers and costly work locators. Most tools use a universal joint drive, with the joint inbetween the honing head of the tool and the drive spindle. With this drive the honing head tends to tilt and to follow the wandering axis of a snaky bore.
These drives require extra stock removal to clean up imperfections from the previous operation. The hone holders used in these tools are provided with a flat inner face for engagement with expansion means, and rotation in combination with honing forces during the honing operation, tilt the hone holders in their respective slots. This condition causes excessive wear on the hone; also higher pressure for expanding the holders is required.
The honing tools in use today employ a low velocity method of abrasive machining.
SUMMARY
This invention relates to honing tools in which a honing head is mounted on a rigid drive shaft, the drive shaft extends thru an aperture in a drive spindle with limited clearance and is rotated and mounted longitudinally in a universal driver, thus the honing head is free to rotate at high velocity on the geometric center of the diameter being honed with a minimum of stock removal necessary for cleanup.
An object of this invention is to provide a stop collar mounted longitudinally in relation to an expanding wedge and adjustable stop nuts that position said stop collar.
Another object is to provide hone holders having a channel extending longitudinally in the inner face of said hone holders.
Another object is to provide expansion plates, the inside faces being on an angle or angles to mate with angles on a wedge and the outer face to mate with the bottom face of a channel in a hone holder.
Another object is to provide a honing tool that is readily changed to hone two diameters comprising adjustable means for retaining the honing diameter in the minimum diameter during the first stroke of the tool thru the work piece and to change the honing diameter to the maximum diameter before the tool starts a return stroke out of the work piece.
Another object is to provide a metal-bonded abrasive hone for high velocity honing.
Another object is to provide a honing tool comprising a plurality of honing members mounted upon a body for radial adjustment.
THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a side elevation sectional view on line A--A of FIG. 3.
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view.
FIG. 3 is an end elevation view in partial section.
With reference to the drawings, the honing tool and driving means of this invention, indicated generally in the drawing, includes a spindle housing 11, having a spindle 12 mounted on bearings 13 for rotation therein; a drive pulley 14 is bored for a press fit on the large diameter 15 of spindle 12; bearing spacers 16 and 17 are clamped in position by nut 18, oil seals 19 and 20 are a press fit in spindle housing 11; snapring 21 retains bearing 13 in place.
The honing tool proper includes a body 22, having a drive shaft 23 extending through an aperture in the spindle 12, a ball driver 24 is secured to the opposite end of drive shaft 23 and driver 24 is retained in spherical seat 25, by thrust nut 26. Four balls 27 fit into spherical seats formed in ball driver 24 and in slots formed in spindle 12, provide a ball-type universal drive.
A series of hone holders 29 are free for radial removal from their guide slots 28 in body 22; but the said holders 29 are normally retracted by snap springs 31 and a hone 30 is mounted on the outer face of each holder 29.
A wedge 32, slidably fitting a central longitudinal bore in body 22 has a series of channels 33, one face of the channels being on an angle to mate angle faces on radially disposed expanding plates 34, a collar 35 is cross-pinned 36, to wedge 32; stop nuts 37 are threadly adjustable on drive shaft 23, thus locating the wedge 32 longitudinally for controlling expansion of the honing tool, an operating rod 38, is secured to wedge 32, said rod is slidably operated by a suitable hydraulic control cylinder 39; a piston rod 40 extends from the cylinder and a bearing housing 41 is secured thereto, bearing 42 is retained in the bearing housing by ring nut 43 and nut 44 retains the operating rod 38 longitudinally. This arrangement permits the operating rod to rotate freely, while the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder is nonrotating. Numeral 45 indicates a mounting surface pad for the cylinder and 46 indicates mounting pads for the spindle housing. The said cylinder and spindle housing are mounted on the sliding head of a honing machine. Said pin 36, is a sliding fit in elongated slot 47.
The automobile companies use a large percent of the honing equipment manufactured today and the honing process is also used in aircraft, farm equipment, air conditioning, refrigeration, ordnance, hydraulic, oil well equipment and bearing industries.
A general disadvantage of many honing operations in use today is in the use of inflammable coolants such as kerosene and fuel oil; these coolants also give off objectional odors and they can irritate the skin on the hands and arms of the honing operators.
The honing abrasives in use are aluminum oxide and silicon carbide; these abrasives are bonded with clay and break down rapidly under honing pressure, resulting in short production runs and frequent changing of the abrasive hones. This rapid wearing down of the abrasive hones is significant because it effects the accuracy of the work performed by the honing tools. Rigid drive shaft honing tools are used. These require high precision drivers and costly work locators. Most tools use a universal joint drive, with the joint inbetween the honing head of the tool and the drive spindle. With this drive the honing head tends to tilt and to follow the wandering axis of a snaky bore.
These drives require extra stock removal to clean up imperfections from the previous operation. The hone holders used in these tools are provided with a flat inner face for engagement with expansion means, and rotation in combination with honing forces during the honing operation, tilt the hone holders in their respective slots. This condition causes excessive wear on the hone; also higher pressure for expanding the holders is required.
The honing tools in use today employ a low velocity method of abrasive machining.
SUMMARY
This invention relates to honing tools in which a honing head is mounted on a rigid drive shaft, the drive shaft extends thru an aperture in a drive spindle with limited clearance and is rotated and mounted longitudinally in a universal driver, thus the honing head is free to rotate at high velocity on the geometric center of the diameter being honed with a minimum of stock removal necessary for cleanup.
An object of this invention is to provide a stop collar mounted longitudinally in relation to an expanding wedge and adjustable stop nuts that position said stop collar.
Another object is to provide hone holders having a channel extending longitudinally in the inner face of said hone holders.
Another object is to provide expansion plates, the inside faces being on an angle or angles to mate with angles on a wedge and the outer face to mate with the bottom face of a channel in a hone holder.
Another object is to provide a honing tool that is readily changed to hone two diameters comprising adjustable means for retaining the honing diameter in the minimum diameter during the first stroke of the tool thru the work piece and to change the honing diameter to the maximum diameter before the tool starts a return stroke out of the work piece.
Another object is to provide a metal-bonded abrasive hone for high velocity honing.
Another object is to provide a honing tool comprising a plurality of honing members mounted upon a body for radial adjustment.
THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a side elevation sectional view on line A--A of FIG. 3.
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view.
FIG. 3 is an end elevation view in partial section.
With reference to the drawings, the honing tool and driving means of this invention, indicated generally in the drawing, includes a spindle housing 11, having a spindle 12 mounted on bearings 13 for rotation therein; a drive pulley 14 is bored for a press fit on the large diameter 15 of spindle 12; bearing spacers 16 and 17 are clamped in position by nut 18, oil seals 19 and 20 are a press fit in spindle housing 11; snapring 21 retains bearing 13 in place.
The honing tool proper includes a body 22, having a drive shaft 23 extending through an aperture in the spindle 12, a ball driver 24 is secured to the opposite end of drive shaft 23 and driver 24 is retained in spherical seat 25, by thrust nut 26. Four balls 27 fit into spherical seats formed in ball driver 24 and in slots formed in spindle 12, provide a ball-type universal drive.
A series of hone holders 29 are free for radial removal from their guide slots 28 in body 22; but the said holders 29 are normally retracted by snap springs 31 and a hone 30 is mounted on the outer face of each holder 29.
A wedge 32, slidably fitting a central longitudinal bore in body 22 has a series of channels 33, one face of the channels being on an angle to mate angle faces on radially disposed expanding plates 34, a collar 35 is cross-pinned 36, to wedge 32; stop nuts 37 are threadly adjustable on drive shaft 23, thus locating the wedge 32 longitudinally for controlling expansion of the honing tool, an operating rod 38, is secured to wedge 32, said rod is slidably operated by a suitable hydraulic control cylinder 39; a piston rod 40 extends from the cylinder and a bearing housing 41 is secured thereto, bearing 42 is retained in the bearing housing by ring nut 43 and nut 44 retains the operating rod 38 longitudinally. This arrangement permits the operating rod to rotate freely, while the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder is nonrotating. Numeral 45 indicates a mounting surface pad for the cylinder and 46 indicates mounting pads for the spindle housing. The said cylinder and spindle housing are mounted on the sliding head of a honing machine. Said pin 36, is a sliding fit in elongated slot 47.