Other Classes:
292/DIG.053, 292/357, 292/DIG.038, 408/1R, 292/337, 292/340, 49/503, 292/169.230
Field of Search:
292/337,1,363,169 70/466 144/69,82,83 77/62W 49/501-504,394
Description:
My invention relates to lock mountings particularly for use on doors in dwellings, offices and the like and is particularly concerned with a lock mounting which is adapted for quick and easy construction and for ready reception of accepted and special forms of lock mechanism.
Many lock mountings are prepared for lock mechanisms that are manufactured and shipped in partially assembled condition. The final assembly is accomplished upon installation of the lock mechanism in the lock mounting. Actual jobs present many variables. Often there are differences in door thickness and in the clearance gap between the door stile or panel and the door jamb and also in various other installational parameters. A number of different, intersecting holes opening onto different faces of the door panel are customarily prepared in order to accommodate the lock unit. A certain precision is required to afford a satisfactory installation.
It is an object of my invention to provide a lock mounting in which a completely assembled lock can be installed on the door panel with a small amount of preparation of the panel, all or most of the preparation being accomplished from one datum plane or surface of the door panel.
Another object of the invention is to provide a lock mounting in which a simplified mounting technique provides security of the lock unit installation in the door comparable to security normally provided.
Another object of the invention is to provide a lock mounting lending itself to several variations in installation.
Another object of the invention is in general to provide an improved lock mounting.
Other objects together with the foregoing are attained in the embodiments of my invention described in the accompanying description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevation, portions being broken away to reduce the size of the figure, of a typical door environment for the lock mounting of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing in isometric perspective one form of a portion of a door having a lock mounting pursuant to the invention;
FIG. 3 is an isometric perspective showing another form of the lock mounting;
FIG. 4 is an isometric perspective showing a further modified form of lock mounting;
FIG. 5 is an isometric perspective showing a still further modification of the lock mounting;
FIG. 6 is an isometric perspective showing an additional modification of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an isometric perspective showing a still further modification of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 8--8 of FIG. 1;
Fig. 9 is a cross section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 9--9 of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a cross section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 10--10 of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a cross section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 11--11 of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a cross section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 12--12 of FIG. 9;
FIG. 13 is a cross section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 13--13 of FIG. 9; and
FIG. 14 is a cross section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 14--14 of FIG. 9.
In a typical installation the lock mounting of the invention is utilized in connection with a doorway having a door panel 7 mounted by hinges 8 and 9 so that the door panel is rotatable about a vertical axis with respect to a door frame 11 having a jamb 12. The terms "panel" or "lock stile" or "stile" are used interchangeably since the construction of the door as one piece or of many pieces and whether fabricated of wood or metal or molded of plastic is immaterial. According to one form of the mounting, the panel 7 is prepared for reception of a lock unit by cutting into the panel 7 or stile along an axis 14 with a tool effective to make a circular cut centered on the axis. The axis 14 is preferably disposed parallel to and approximately midway between the planes of the side faces 16 and 17 of the door panel and substantially perpendicular or normal to the edge surface 18 of the door panel. The edge surface 18 in some cases is exactly perpendicular to the parallel side surfaces 16 and 17, while in other instances the edge surface 18 has an inclination or bevel with respect to the surfaces 16 and 17. The bevel is unimportant in the present environment, so the edge surface 18 is characterized as normal to the surfaces 16 and 17 or substantially so to include whatever edge curvature or bevel may be present.
The tool which cuts in the direction of the axis 14 and revolves about that axis is set at or has a sufficient cutting radius so that the cut diameter D (FIG. 2) is greater than the thickness T of the door panel; i.e., the distance between the surfaces 16 and 17. Thus, when the tool is advanced along the axis 14 into the material of the panel, it removes material and leaves oppositely disposed circular cylindrical surfaces 21 and 22. Since the diameter D of the cutter is greater than the thickness T of the door panel, the pair of partial, circular cylindrical surfaces 21 and 22 are those defined by a generatrix which revolves about the axis 14 parallel thereto and breaks out of the surfaces 16 and 17 to leave in both surfaces breakout edges 23 and 24 parallel to the axis 14 and normal to the edge surface 18. The cutting tool works into the door panel for any desired amount to afford an appropriate backset B for the lock unit. Preferably the cutter is such that the two, circular cylindrical surfaces 21 and 22 merge with a flat end surface 26 perpendicular to the axis 14 and merging with the surfaces 16 and 17 in edges 28 and 29 at right angles to the breakout edges 23 and 24. The same configuration can be provided by forming or molding and in any case there is formed a generally right-circular cylindrical volume or socket 31 within the door panel with the opposite sides of the cylinder being truncated and approximately planar.
If a rotary cutting tool is started into the door panel 7 along the axis 14 in the direction from left to right as seen in FIG. 2, the cutting tool can be driven by a rotary shaft disposed at right angles to the axis 14 and extending through the just-formed side opening between the edges 23 and 24 as the tool advances. This same tool when pointed in the opposite direction and with the door panel closed can be guided by the socket just formed in the door panel and advanced into the jamb 12. This forms a strike socket 32 of coaxial or aligned, circular cylindrical configuration. The strike socket 32 has breakout edges 33 and 34 continuing the edges 23 and 24 on the opposite side of the clearance gap 36 when the door panel is closed. In most instances, the strike socket 32 is cut partially through the vertically extending door stop 37 normally provided on the jamb 12.
There are sundry variations in the described socket technique which are also feasible. These are particularly shown in FIGS. 3-7 inclusive.
In FIG. 3 the door panel 41 is first provided with a through bore 42 of the customary circular cylindrical sort that extends entirely through the panel from one side 43 to the other side 44 along a transverse axis 46. In addition, there is likewise provided an edge bore 47 along an axis 48 as previously described. The second bore intersects the first bore to provide an appropriate lock socket. In this instance the diameter of the edge bore 47 is the same as or is somewhat smaller than that of the cross bore 42. While this socket requires boring along the two axes 46 and 48 instead of just one as in FIG. 2, it provides a mounting of comparable utility.
In FIG. 4 the arrangement is substantially the same as in FIG. 3 with the customary cross bore 51 again provided, but in this instance the edge bore 52 is of larger diameter so that the breakout edges 53 and 54 instead of intersecting the edges of the cross bore 51 are both tangent thereto.
As illustrated in FIG. 5, certain lock units may not extend entirely through the door panel, so that it is not necessary to interrupt the reverse face 56 thereof. In this instance, the axis 57 of the edge bore is displaced somewhat to the right in the figure. This results in only two breakout edges 58 and 59 on the obverse face 61, the remaining part of the mounting being as previously described.
In FIG. 6 a vertically elongated socket is afforded by making two bores along axes 62 and 63 spaced apart any desired distance. The result here is that the breakout edges 64 and 66 which occur on both faces 67 and 68 are spaced apart somewhat more than they are in the FIG. 2 embodiment.
In FIG. 7 there is shown an arrangement in which a major bore 71 is provided along an axis 72 as before, but this bore is only of a relatively shallow depth so that its end face 73 is quite close to the edge surface 74. In addition, however, a minor bore 76 is made along the axis 72 and extends well into the panel to terminate in an end surface 77.
The lock mountings as described are readily made and are particularly suitable for the reception of lock units of various different kinds. The utility of the various lock mountings is by no means limited to the form of lock unit disclosed hereafter since this is merely one example to aid in the understanding of the function and utility of the various mountings, the one disclosed in FIG. 2 being arbitrarily chosen.
The exemplary lock mechanism (FIGS. 1 and 8-14) includes a folded sheet metal casing 81 of generally tubular external configuration to afford a curved upper surface 82 and a curved lower surface 83, each joining generally planar side panels 84 and 86. The casing is preferably of one piece and includes a joining, planar front face 87. The casing is fitted snugly into the socket 31 by movement along the axis 14 until it abuts the end surface 26 as an end stop. The casing is not movable laterally across the transverse axis because of interference between the upper surface 82 and the lower surface 83 and the upturned portions of the socket 31. Thus the lock casing 81 is confined in an inward direction and in both transverse directions. To preclude rotation or withdrawal of the casing when not desired, the casing has inclined, perforated tabs 91 and 92 receiving screw fasteners 93 and 94. These in effect afford a bridge across the open end of the socket and tend to hold the door panel parts in initial position.
Reciprocable within the casing is a dead bolt 101, as shown in full lines (FIG. 8). The bolt can be bevelled as shown by the dotted line 102, if desired, to afford a latch bolt. The bolt 101 is reciprocable within a bushing 103 held in wings 104 forming part of the casing and is fixed to a retractor bar 106. At its rearward end the retractor bar is downturned to provide fork tines 107 and 108, each of which is adapted to operate against substantially radial surfaces 109 and 111 on the axially extending quadrants 112 and 113 of a pair of identical knob mechanisms 114 and 116.
Each knob mechanism includes a knob 117 and a tubular spindle 118 aligned for rotation about a transverse axis 119. A pressure spring 121 at the forward end is seated against a downturned portion of the retractor bar 106 and at the rearward end is seated against a bridge bar 123. This is a transverse slide having lugs 124 and 126 slidably disposed in channels 127 and 128 which are defined by the spaced, opposed edges of the casing side panels 84 and 86. The bridge bar 123 also has feet 129 and 131 bearing against the inside of the panels 84 and 86 and rests against bushings 132 mounted in the casing and forming bearings for the knob spindles 118. Lugs 133 and 134 on the bridge bar 123 enter into slots 136 and 137 in the knob spindles and act as axial retainers.
The casing 81 is enclosed and any rough edges of the mounting are concealed by a continuous jacket 141 having escutcheons 142 and 143 encompassing the knob spindles 118 and urged tightly against the door surfaces 16 and 17 by in-built spring arms 144 and 146. These are conveniently extensions of a faceplate 147 and are embedded in the material of the jacket 141 near the escutcheons. Overlying the spring arms 144 and 146 are relatively thin, angled covers 148 and 149 having wings 151 and 152 disposed in the gap 36 adjacent the faceplate 147. The escutcheons and covers are preferably of plastic but may be of metal united to the arms 144 and 146. As the door thickness T varies from a minimum amount to a maximum amount either by initial construction or by shrinkage and swelling during use, the spring arms 144 and 146 continually urge the escutcheons toward each other and cause the wings 151 and 152 of the covers 148 149 to overlap the faceplate 147 more or less.
The lock unit is designed for machine or automatic assembly in that the casing 81 is encased by the jacket 141 with the faceplate 147 and with the escutcheons in position. The dead bolt 101 and retractor bar 106 with the spring 121 and the bridge bar 123 are introduced with the dead bolt 101 in the bushing 103. The bridge bar 123 is depressed toward the faceplate 147 by extraneous means while the fork tines 107 and 108 are withdrawn by extraneous means to compress the spring 121. With the lugs 133 and 134 and the tines 107 and 108 out of the way, the two knob spindles 118 are axially introduced through their bushings 132 into the working position shown in FIG. 8. The extraneous means then releases the retractor bar 106 and the bridge bar 123 so that the lugs 133 and 134 spring into the spindle slots 136 and 137 and prevent any excessive inward or outward axial movement of the knob spindles and knobs while permitting sufficient rotation thereof. The tines 107 and 108 are in position in the path of the quadrants 112 and 113 for retraction of the bolt 101 by rotation of the knobs 117 in either direction.
Appropriate pin tumbler or wafer lock mechanisms or other controlling devices can be installed in the knobs in the customary way.
The strike socket 32 is provided with a strike unit 161, preferably molded in one piece of low friction plastic and held in position by screws 162 and 163. Since there is a breakout portion of the strike socket 32, the strike unit 161 is preferably provided, in the case of the dead bolt 101, with an inclined or cam surface 164 so that, in effect, the bolt engaging the cam surface 164 and riding over the edge thereof into the strike unit moves transversely through part of the breakout space provided by the circular cylindrical bore.