Plaque It!
Sponsored by: Flash of Genius |
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/179,495 filed Feb. 1, 2000 entitled ELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR RECORDING, STORING, AND RETRIEVING MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT RECORDS AND CERTIFICATIONS which is incorporated herein by reference.
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention relates generally to a method and system for identification, recording, storing, and retrieving equipment records and certifications. More specifically and in particular, the present invention relates to an electronic system and method for identification, recording, storing, and retrieving material handling equipment records and certifications stored on a third-party server while providing links, hyperlinks or references to applicable requirements and associated forms for recording data required by governmental agencies, industry safety departments, and insurance groups.
[0004] 2. Problems in the Art
[0005] Currently, government regulatory bodies such as the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), and standard settings organizations, such as the Canadian Standards Administration (CSA) and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), promulgate regulations and establish standards intended to control the safety of the workplaces provided by employers to their employees. The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 specifically authorizes information collection by employers as necessary or appropriate for the enforcement of the act or for developing information regarding the causes and prevention of occupational injuries, illnesses, and accidents. Most of these accidents and injuries, as well as the pain and loss of salary and productivity that often result, can be readily avoided.
[0006] One example of where these standards and regulations have been implemented is in the area of material handling equipment.
[0007] Whether during transit or at the work site, the ability to handle and move materials is vital to all segments of industry. Materials must be moved in order for industry to manufacture, sell, and utilize product. The mishandling of materials is the single largest cause of accidents and injuries in the workplace. Therefore, whenever possible, mechanical means should be used to move materials in order to avoid employee injuries such as muscle pulls, strains, and sprains. In addition, many loads are too heavy and/or bulky to be safely moved manually. Therefore, various types of equipment have been designed specifically to aid in movement and handling of materials. They include cranes, derricks, hoists, powered industrial trucks, conveyors, and personnel hoists used in a variety of industries such as construction, manufacturing, ship building, mining, etc.
[0008] Because all of these cranes, derricks, and hoists rely typically upon various types of slings to hold their suspended loads, slings are one of the most commonly used piece of materials-handling equipment. Slings are generally one of six types: chain, wire rope, metal mesh, natural fiber rope, synthetic fiber rope, or synthetic web.
[0009] A standard practice in the sling industry is to use sling identification tags manufactured from metal. As a sling is being assembled, a serial number and user information, which are both variable, are stamped onto the sling identification tag using a set of metal hand stamps and a hammer. This is a time consuming and expensive operation.
[0010] In general, use and inspection procedures tend to place the slings into three groups: chain, wire rope and mesh, and fiber rope and web. The majority of injuries and accidents caused by the misuse or mishandling of slings can be avoided by becoming familiar with the essentials of proper sling care and usage.
[0011] OSHA has promulgated many requirements and suggestions in this area. OSHA suggests that first, a user of a sling learn as much as possible about the materials with which that user will be working. Slings come in many different types, one of which is right for the purpose. Second, OSHA suggests that the user analyze the load to be lifted, in terms of size, weight, shape, temperature, and sensitivity, and then choose the sling which best meets those needs. Third, the user should always inspect all equipment before a lift. The equipment should be given whatever “in service” maintenance it may require. Fourth, the user should use safe lifting practices for the type of sling and the type of load.
[0012] Currently, OSHA requires employees to generate and maintain records regarding the inspection of slings. Employers are required to obtain and retain certificates showing that any new, repaired, or reconditioned alloy steel chain sling, wire rope sling with welded end attachments, and repaired synthetic web slings have been proof tested by the equipment manufacturer (or equivalent entity).
[0013] For example, OSHA regulation 1910.184, applies to slings used in conjunction with other material handling equipment for the movement of material by hoisting. This OSHA regulation requires the sling and all fastenings and attachments shall be inspected for damage or defects by a competent person designated by the employer. Additional inspections shall be performed during sling use where service conditions warrant. Damaged or defective slings shall be immediately removed from service.
[0014] In addition to the inspection required by the above OSHA standard, a thorough periodic inspection of slings in use should be made depending on the (A) frequency of sling use; (B) severity of service conditions; (C) nature of lifts being made; and (D) experience gained on the service life of slings used in similar circumstances. OSHA requires such inspections shall in no event be at intervals greater than once every 12 months. Employers are required to make and maintain a record of the most recent sling inspection.
[0015] OSHA, also requires that employers shall make and maintain a record of the most recent month in which each sling was thoroughly inspected, and that the employer shall make such record available for examination. In addition, safety departments and insurers of some large manufacturing companies, ship yards, etc. may require additional, and/or more frequent, inspections and associated records.
[0016] In various OSHA regulations there are also requirements for certifications. The certification specified in 29 CFR 1926.251(c)(15)(ii) is necessary to ensure compliance with the requirement for welded end attachments of the rigging equipment. They are intended to assure that welded end attachments of the rigging equipment are tested by the manufacturer at twice their rated capacity prior to initial use to avoid the possibility of occupational injuries and accidents.
[0017] The OSHA regulation 1926.552(c)(15) states: Following assembly and erection of hoists, and before being put in service, an inspection and test of all functions and safety devices shall be made under the supervision of a competent person. A similar inspection and test is required following major alternation of an existing installation. All hoists shall be inspected and tested at not more than 3-month intervals. The employer shall prepare a certification record which includes the date the inspection and test of all functions and safety devices was performed; the signature of the person who performed the inspection and test; and a serial number, or other identifier, for the hoist that was inspected and tested. The most recent certification record shall be maintained on file. This regulation also requires the employer certify and maintain records of the periodic and regular inspections of personnel hoists and the maintenance work performed.
[0018] The OSHA standard for Derricks, 29 CFR 1910.181, requires monthly inspections of ropes, and an inspection of ropes which have been idle for a period of a month or more, along with certification records of the inspections. Specifically, the employer is required to generate a certification record that verifies the equipment has been inspected in accordance with the requirements specified in the standard in order to maintain the derricks in a safe, reliable condition. Given the numerous requirements and suggestions, it is desirable for the employer to have an easy method of ensuring its compliance.
[0019] Historically, OSHA has targeted its compliance efforts towards entire industries. Industry data are extremely useful to OSHA for identifying categories of problems (e.g., specific industries and occupations at risk, etc.). However, targeting interventions towards entire industries is not the most efficient use of the Agency's resources. Aggregation of data by industry masks the experience of individual employers. In almost every industry, a small percentage of the establishments experience disproportionately large numbers and/or high rates of injuries and illness. Data from relatively safe workplaces in high rate industries are lumped in with data from unsafe workplaces; and unsafe workplaces in relatively low rate industries avoid OSHA scrutiny altogether. Furthermore, studies have shown that the injury and illness experience for these establishments generally persists over time (particularly the larger ones). Establishments with high injury and illness rates tend to continue to have high rates. One purpose of the OSHA data initiative is to give OSHA the capability of focusing on those establishments with serious safety and health problems.
[0020] American business is composed of more than 6,500,000 workplaces. Federal OSHA and its State partners perform approximately 110,000 on-site visits per year. Since Federal OSHA and its State partners can only visit a small portion of America's workplaces, government resources could be used more effectively if OSHA interacts with employers in a new way.
[0021] In recent years, OSHA has taken initiatives to enhance safety, trim paperwork, and transform OSHA. These changes were instituted to ensure “an America whose workplaces, as far as possible, are free from hazards that are causing or likely to cause death or physical harm.” The annual collection of employer specific injury and illness data improves OSHA's ability to identify and target agency interventions to those employers who have serious workplace problems. Through the continued implementation of it's annual Data Initiative, OSHA is able to leverage its resources. The result is a reduction in OSHA interventions in workplaces that are relatively safe and healthy, and the more effective use of OSHA's limited resources in more hazardous workplaces, the goal being improved workplace safety and health for America's workers.
[0022] Another purpose of the OSHA Data Initiative is to allow OSHA to comply with the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA). Historically, the Agency has relied on activity measures, such as a number of inspections, to evaluate itself and the State plan programs and has had no mechanism for evaluating the Agency's impact on reducing workplace injuries and illnesses in individual workplaces. Annual collection of employer specific injury and illness data will allow the agency to monitor the results of its activities, evaluate its various programs based on program results, identify the most efficient and effective program mix, and promote the development of programs and policies based on outcome data.
[0023] Sections 8 and 24 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 29 U.S.C. 657, 673 and reporting regulations at 29 CFR 1904.17, authorize OSHA to collect the requested information by mail. Non-respondents may be cited and issued penalties for non-response to the collection request itself. Also, establishments that fail to return a completed form may be scheduled for an on-site records inspection or issuance of an administrative subpoena for the information. It is therefore desirable to have a method and system capable of generating the OSHA requested information.
[0024] The collections of information will be used to determine if employers are in compliance with the OSHA standard. OSHA allows employers to use information technology, e.g., permitting electronic submission of responses, whenever appropriate for reporting or maintaining records associated with the standard. In addition, the collections of information may be used to determine compliance by industry safety departments and insurer's.
[0025] Currently, there are numerous problems in the workplace with material-handling equipment records and reporting. The development of workplace material-handling equipment inspections and reporting methods are often haphazard and non-structured. To ensure compliance with the applicable governmental regulations, industry safety departments and insurer's standards usually requires the accumulation and maintenance of many forms. These forms may include, for example, sling inspections, material certifications, proof test certificates, traceability codes, etc. Further, once any workplace material-handling equipment program has been developed, this program must be maintained in order to assure continuing compliance with the applicable governmental, industry safety departments, and insurer's regulations and standards.
[0026] Moreover, responsibility within the workplace for the development and maintenance of workplace material-handling equipment programs may be delegated to many people, may be decentralized, and may not be clearly defined. The forms created during both the development and the maintenance of the workplace material-handling equipment program typically are filled out by many people and are stored in a great many locations within a workplace, which can make finding these records difficult.
[0027] Workplaces are also frequently audited to assure that the employer is in compliance with the applicable governmental, industry safety departments, and insurer's regulations and standards. Because the forms and records used in the workplace material-handling equipment program are typically decentralized and may be scattered throughout a workplace, it may be extremely difficult for the employer to prepare for an audit. Failure to assure the auditor that the employer is in compliance with the governmental, industry safety departments, and insurer's regulations and standards can lead to the imposition of fines and other penalties.
[0028] While some efforts have been made in the past to create software to manage compliance in the workplace with various governmental, industry safety departments, and insurer's regulations and standards relating to material-handling equipment, such efforts have not been uniform and comprehensive.
[0029] Such software programs, however, do not permit links, hyperlinks, or references to the requirements and forms of a workplace material-handling equipment program, do not integrate the customization of workplace material-handling equipment requirements and the display of forms useful in the customization process, do not integrate the development of a material-handling equipment program which complies with governmental, industry safety departments, and insurer's standards and regulations, and the assistance necessary for the preparation of an audit.
[0030] There is therefore a need for a uniform and comprehensive method and system to identify material handling equipment, electronically record, store, and retrieve inspection, test records, and certifications related to said equipment for OSHA, industry safety departments, and insurer's requirements, in a centralized location.
[0031] A general feature of the present invention is the provision of a method and system which overcomes the problems found in the prior art.
[0032] Another feature of the present invention is the provision of a system and method for the identification of equipment, and the reporting, storage, and retrieval of inspections and certifications relating to that equipment, which is easy to use.
[0033] Another feature of the present invention is the provision of a system and method for storing inspections, certifications, and equipment data in a centralized location.
[0034] A further feature of the present invention is the provision of subscriber access and control of their data stored on a network server.
[0035] A still further feature of the present invention is to provide a subscriber with the ability to change their data stored on a network server.
[0036] Another feature of the present invention is to provide a subscriber with the ability to report their data to be stored on a network server.
[0037] A further feature of the present invention is the provision of bar-coded tags to identify material-handling equipment.
[0038] A still further feature of the present invention is to provide a subscriber the ability to make their own and use existing links to specifications, drawings, work instructions, or web pages that can be stored on the Internet, a Wide Area Network (WAN), or Local Area Network (LAN).
[0039] Another further feature of the present invention is to provide a subscriber data and/or forms to complete the inspections required by government agencies, industry safety departments, insurers, and others.
[0040] A further feature of the present invention is to provide a subscriber data and/or forms necessary to create new records required by government agencies, industry safety departments, insurers, and others.
[0041] A still further feature of the present invention is to provide a subscriber data and/or forms to record repairs and re-certifications required by government agencies, industry safety departments, insurers, and others.
[0042] A further feature of the present invention is the provision of a method of identifying specific equipment by the use of bar-codes and related bar-code scanning equipment.
[0043] Another feature of the present invention is the provision of using a database to drive the printing of printed tags for identification purposes.
[0044] These, as well as other features and advantages of the present invention, will become apparent from the following specification and claims.
[0045] The present invention relates to the identification of equipment, the recording, storage, and retrieval of electronic records relating to said equipment. More specifically and in particular, the present invention relates to a uniform and comprehensive electronic system and method for identification, recording, storing, and retrieving material handling equipment records and certifications at a centralized location. The present invention provides links to applicable requirements and associated forms for recording data required by governmental agencies, industry safety departments, and insurers.
[0046] The present invention provides a method for the identification of material handling equipment, the recording, storage, and retrieving data related to required inspections and certifications of that equipment. This equipment can be, but is not limited to, cranes, derricks, hoists, powered industrial trucks, conveyors, personnel hoists, and slings of one of six general types: chain, wire rope, metal mesh, natural fiber rope, synthetic fiber rope, or synthetic web.
[0047] Third party data storage is provided on a network server or “host”. This data will be accessible via the Internet by a subscriber from the subscriber's computer or “remote”. Forms for data recording, storing, and retrieving will be on the network server for the subscriber to use. These forms will support three basic activities: inspection, creation of new records, and logging of repairs made and/or the re-certification of various types of material-handling equipment.
[0048] These forms reflect the basic government, industry safety departments, and insurer's requirements for inspection, certification, and associated record keeping. The data recorded can be customized to the users requirements but the forms cannot be changed except by the third party. The forms may include customer specific data such as information relating to an inspector's qualifications, etc. These forms also will be able to be linked, with hyperlinks, to specifications, drawings, work instructions, or web pages that reside on the Internet, a Wide Area Network (WAN), or Local Area Network (LAN), further broadening the integration of information available to the subscriber.
[0049]
[0050]
[0051]
[0052]
[0053]
[0054]
[0055]
[0056]
[0057]
[0058]
[0059]
[0060]
[0061]
[0062]
[0063]
[0064]
[0065]
[0066]
[0067]
[0068]
[0069] The present invention generally comprises a method and system for identification, recording, storing, and retrieving equipment records and certifications. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention includes a hardware system, shown in
[0070] Even though the present invention relates to material-handling equipment, such as, cranes, derricks, hoists, powered industrial trucks, conveyors, personnel hoists, and slings of one of six general types: chain, wire rope, metal mesh, natural fiber rope, synthetic fiber rope, or synthetic web, for the purpose of clarity the detailed description as follows represents the use of the system as it relates to an alloy chain sling.
[0071] Initially, a user of the present invention accesses a third party network server
[0072] From the main menu, as shown in
[0073] If the subscriber wishes to create a new sling record, the subscriber will be directed to an input form
[0074] Alternatively, the subscriber may choose to edit an existing record and is directed towards and edit form
[0075] Preferably, a new or existing serial number for the desired alloy chain sling is input via a bar-code, radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, or manually. Pertinent information relating to the selected chain sling, such as the working load limit (WLL), reach, size, grade, and other information, is then input into either the input form
[0076] When the subscriber selects the sling inspection and maintenance button, shown in
[0077] After performing the inspection, the subscriber may note whether the particular piece of equipment has passed or failed. If the inspection results in a failure, the subscriber may indicate what should be done with the piece of equipment. For example, a subscriber may choose that the sling be scrapped and select a scrap icon
[0078] The preferred system of the present invention is shown in
[0079] Operatively connected to the network server
[0080] Preferably the subscriber's computer
[0081] The bar-code scanner
[0082] The sling identification tag
[0083] While information may be printed directly on the sling identification tag
[0084] The printed tag
[0085] The present inventions programming and database will contain the serial number information, and can drive the printing of this tag information in a printing process. The printed tag
[0086] Additionally, the printed tag
[0087] The report may be a list of material handling equipment that is due for inspection, a report for a government agency, an industry safety department or an insurer. The report may also be a downloaded list from the subscriber's computer
[0088] A general description of the present invention as well as a preferred embodiment of the present invention as been set forth above. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will recognize and be able to practice additional variations in the methods and systems described which fall within the teachings of this invention. Accordingly, all such modifications and additions are deemed to be within the scope of the invention which is to be limited only by the claims appended hereto.